Optimal Engine Settings

Cruise (unlimited time):
1705 RPM, 27,5 / 30,0 inch Hg, mixture "Auto Lean"
Nominal (unlimited time):
2300 RPM, 36,0 / 40,0 inch Hg, mixture "Auto Rich"
Combat (5 min limit):
2400 RPM, 43,0 / 41,0 inch Hg, mixture "Auto Rich"

Optimal Temp Settings

Oil rated temp output:
80..95 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
105 °C
Cylinder head rated temp:
140..240 °C
Cylinder head maximum temp:
260 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
431 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
3.4 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
1468 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
1190 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
170..195 km/h (105..120 mph)
Glideslope speed:
185..225 km/h (115..140 mph)
Landing speed:
150..170 km/h (95..105 mph)
Landing angle:
3.4 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 8700 m (28540 ft)
Climb rate at sea level: 10.0 m/s (1969 ft/min)
Climb rate at 3000 m: 8.2 m/s (1614 ft/min)
Climb rate at 6000 m: 5.0 m/s (984 ft/min)

Dive speed limit: 665 km/h (412 mph)

Debut

Combat debut: spring 1942

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 6781 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 7359 kg
Standard weight: 8366 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 10466 kg
Fuel load: 1057 kg / 1468 l / 388 gal
Useful load: 3665 kg

Length: 14.54 m
Wingspan: 18.69 m
Wing surface: 43.18 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 3.4 h, at 350 km/h IAS. Engine mode - Cruise, 1st supercharger stage

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
24.5 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
34.1 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat:
505 km/h (314 mph)
Maximum true air speed at 1000 m, engine mode - Combat:
524 km/h (326 mph)
Maximum true air speed at 5000 m, engine mode - Combat:
544 km/h (338 mph)
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Nominal:
467 km/h (290 mph)
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Nominal:
500 km/h (311 mph)
Maximum true air speed at 5000 m, engine mode - Nominal:
525 km/h (326 mph)

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
161..193 km/h (100..120 mph)
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
139..166 km/h (86..103 mph)

Operational Features

• Engine has no manifold pressure automatic governor. For this reason, manifold pressure not only depends on throttle position, but also from RPM and altitude. This requires additional checking of manifold pressure to not cause engine damage.
• Engine is equipped with an automatic fuel mixture control which maintains optimal mixture if mixture lever is set to Auto Rich (66%25) position. To use automatic mixture leaning to reduce fuel consumption during flight it is necessary to set mixture lever to Auto Lean (33%25) position. In the case of mulfunction of the automatic mixture control the mixture lever should be set to Full Rich (100%25) position. To stop the engine mixture lever should be set to the Cut Off (0%25) position.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• Oil radiators shutters are joint with engine cowl outlet shutters and manually operated.
• Airplane has trimmers for all flight-controls: pitch, roll and yaw.
• Landing flaps have a hydraulic actuator and they can be extended to any angle up to 50°.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane is equipped with a parking brake system.
• Airplane is equipped with a siren that warns a pilot if the throttle is set to low position with landing gear retracted.
• Airplane is equipped with upper formation lights.
• Engine has a two-stage mechanical supercharger which must be manually switched at 2900m (9500 ft) altitude.
• Airplane have a fuel gauge which shows remaining fuel in left and right fuel tanks depending on switch position. In game the fuel indicator switch changes by itself during horizontal flight by every 15 seconds.
• The aircraft is equipped with an electromechanical safety system that blocks the hydraulic landing gear actuator while the aircraft is on the ground.
• The nose gear orients by itself, doesn't have brakes and can't be controlled.
• It is forbidden to open the upper cowl flaps during flight, so they should be closed before taking off.
• The upper cowl flaps are controlled simultaneously using a shared hydraulic actuator (use inlet shutter control ingame).
• There are white and red signal lamps in the tail: the white one is lit while bomb doors are open and the red one lights up for 5 seconds when bombs are released.
• The upper cockpit door can't be opened during flight, but there is an emergency jettison handle.
• Airplane is equipped with a bomb salvo controller that has four release modes: drop single, drop two in a salvo, drop four in a salvo or drop all bombs in salvo. There is also a controller for a drop delay between each bomb in the salvo.

Optimal Engine Settings

Cruise (unlimited time):
2100 RPM, 31.5 / 32.5 inch Hg, mixture "Cruising Lean"
Nominal (unlimited time):
2400 RPM, 38.0 / 39.0 inch Hg, mixture "Full Rich"
Combat (5 min limit):
2600 RPM, 42.0 / 41.0 inch Hg, mixture "Full Rich"
Takeoff (5 min limit):
2600 RPM, 44.0 inch Hg, mixture "Full Rich"

Optimal Temp Settings

Oil rated temp output:
80..95 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
105 °C
Cylinder head rated temp:
140..235 °C
Cylinder head maximum temp:
260 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
330 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
801 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
4.6 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
3688 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
1517 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
165..180 km/h (105..115 mph)
Glideslope speed:
200..215 km/h (125..135 mph)
Landing speed:
176..192 km/h (110..120 mph)
Landing angle:
4.5 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 7450 m (24442 ft)
Climb rate at sea level: 8.3 m/s (1575 ft/min)
Climb rate at 3000 m: 6.3 m/s (1236 ft/min)
Climb rate at 6000 m: 2.7 m/s (394 ft/min)

Dive speed limit: 544 km/h (340 mph)

Debut

Combat debut: spring 1942

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 8379 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 8829 kg
Standard weight: 11544 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 15422 kg
Fuel load: 2618 kg / 3688 l / 974 gal
Useful load: 7043 kg

Length: 16.1 m
Wingspan: 20.5 m
Wing surface: 57.0 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 4.6 h, at 330 km/h IAS. Engine mode - Cruise, 1st supercharger stage

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
28.8 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
47.0 s, at 280 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat:
430 km/h (269 mph)
Maximum true air speed at 1400 m, engine mode - Combat:
472 km/h (295 mph)
Maximum true air speed at 3900 m, engine mode - Combat:
495 km/h (310 mph)
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Nominal:
419 km/h (262 mph)
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Nominal:
448 km/h (280 mph)
Maximum true air speed at 4750 m, engine mode - Nominal:
461 km/h (288 mph)

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
160..191 km/h (100..119 mph)
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
145..175 km/h (90..109 mph)

Operational Features

• Engine has no manifold pressure automatic governor. For this reason, manifold pressure not only depends on throttle position, but also from RPM and altitude. This requires additional checking of manifold pressure to not cause engine damage.
• Engine is equipped with an automatic fuel mixture control which maintains optimal mixture if mixture lever is set to Full Rich (100%25) position. To use automatic mixture leaning to reduce fuel consumption during flight it is necessary to set mixture lever to Cruising Lean (50%25) position. To stop the engine mixture lever should be set to the Cut Off (0%25) position.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• Oil radiators shutters and engine cowl outlet shutters are manually operated.
• Airplane has trimmers for all flight-controls: pitch, roll and yaw.
• Landing flaps have a hydraulic actuator and they can be extended to any angle up to 45°.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane is equipped with upper formation lights.
• Engine has a two-stage mechanical supercharger which must be manually switched at 3350 m (11000 ft) altitude.
• The nose gear orients by itself, doesn't have brakes and can't be controlled.
• There are white and red signal lamps in the tail: the white one is lit while bomb doors are open and the red one lights up for 5 seconds when bombs are released.
• Airplane is equipped with a bomb salvo controller. It allows to drop selected bombs in a salvo or drop all bombs in salvo. There is also a controller for a drop delay between each bomb in the salvo.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2200 RPM, 1.15 ata
Combat power (up to 30 minutes):
2300 RPM, 1.23 ata
Emergency power (up to 5 minutes):
2400 RPM, 1.3 ata
Boosted power (up to 1 minute):
2400 RPM, 1.4 ata

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
94 °C
Water maximum temp output:
100 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
30..75 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
80 °C
Oil rated temp output:
95 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
105 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
181 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
2.2 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
400 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
770 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
140..170 km/h
Glideslope speed:
180..190 km/h
Landing speed:
130..140 km/h
Landing angle:
14.3 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 10500 m
Climb rate at sea level: 14 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 13.3 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 7 m/s

Dive speed limit: 850 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: August 1940

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 2049 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 2340 kg
Standard weight: 2614 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 2893 kg
Fuel load: 304 kg / 400 l
Useful load: 844 kg

Length: 8.8 m
Wingspan: 9.9 m
Wing surface: 16.4 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 2.2 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
20.5 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
25.5 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Emergency:
477 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Emergency:
520 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 5000 m, engine mode - Emergency:
564 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
152..159 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
147..146 km/h

Operational Features

• Airplane has a wide automatization of the engine systems, in fact, to control speed it is only necessary to use the throttle lever. There is no need to manually set engine revolutions and mixture or supercharger gear in normal flight.
• To reduce swinging during taxiing due to prop-wash the propeller pitch control should be switched to manual mode and pitch should be reduced to minimum.
• Water and oil radiator shutters are controlled manually.
• Airplane has no flight-control trimmers. Airplane is equipped with bendable trim tabs that can be set pre-flight by ground personnel.
• Airplane has a manually controlled horizontal stabilizer. It should be set to +1° before takeoff and to -4°...-5° before landing. Also, it may be used to trim the flight stick during the flight. In a deep dive the stabilizer should be set so that the pilot must push the flight stick forward to maintain the dive angle.
• Airplane has automatic wing slats. They deploy when the high angle of attack increases which makes pre-stall softer.
• Airplane has a manual mechanical system for retracting the landing flaps, for this reason it is necessary to extend landing flaps well before final approach. Markers on the left-wing flap indicate how far the flaps are extended. The flaps can be extended to any angle up to 42°.
• Airplane has a manual tail wheel lock. Wheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance and before takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows total fuel remaining. Also, it has an emergency fuel warning light (80 liters).
• The design of the cockpit canopy does not allow it to be opened during flight. The canopy should be closed before takeoff to prevent damage. The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• The control system for the bomb rack only allows to drop bombs one by one.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2300 RPM, 1.15 ata
Combat power (up to 30 minutes):
2400 RPM, 1.25 ata
Emergency power (up to 3 minutes):
2600 RPM, 1.35 ata
Boosted power (up to 1 minute):
2800 RPM, 1.42 ata

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
100..102 °C
Water maximum temp output:
110 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
70..80 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
85 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
166 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
2.4 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
400 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
840 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
145..175 km/h
Glideslope speed:
185..195 km/h
Landing speed:
135..145 km/h
Landing angle:
14.8 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 11500 m
Climb rate at sea level: 16.4 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 14.1 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 10 m/s

Dive speed limit: 850 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: March 1941

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 2171 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 2445 kg
Standard weight: 2789 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 3092 kg
Fuel load: 304 kg / 400 l
Useful load: 921 kg

Length: 8.94 m
Wingspan: 9.97 m
Wing surface: 16.1 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 2.4 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
23.6 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
29.0 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Emergency:
528 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Emergency:
563 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 5000 m, engine mode - Emergency:
606 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
151..168 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
144 km/h..159 km/h

Operational Features

• Airplane has a wide automatization of the engine systems, in fact, to control speed it is only necessary to use the throttle lever. There is no need to manually set engine revolutions and mixture or supercharger gear in normal flight.
• In addition to full-automatic mode there is a special emergency mode for the radiator shutters, which can be used in specific situations. In this mode, the shutters are forced to be fully opened.
• To reduce swinging during taxiing due to prop-wash the propeller pitch control should be switched to manual mode and pitch should be reduced to minimum.
• Airplane has no flight-control trimmers. Airplane is equipped with bendable trim tabs that can be set pre-flight by ground personnel.
• Airplane has a manually controlled horizontal stabilizer. It should be set to +1° before takeoff and to -4°...-5° before landing. Also, it may be used to trim the flight stick during the flight. In a deep dive the stabilizer should be set so that the pilot must push the flight stick forward to maintain the dive angle.
• Airplane has automatic wing slats. They deploy when the high angle of attack increases which makes pre-stall softer.
• Airplane has a manual mechanical system for retracting the landing flaps, for this reason it is necessary to extend landing flaps well before final approach. Markers on the left-wing flap indicate how far the flaps are extended. The flaps can be extended to any angle up to 40°.
• Airplane has a manual tail wheel lock. Wheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance and before takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows total fuel remaining. Also, it has an emergency fuel warning light (80 liters).
• The design of the cockpit canopy does not allow it to be opened during flight. The canopy should be closed before takeoff to prevent damage. The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• The control system for the bomb rack only allows to drop bombs one by one.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2300 RPM, 1.15 ata
Combat power (up to 30 minutes):
2500 RPM, 1.3 ata
Emergency power (up to 1 minute):
2700 RPM, 1.42 ata

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
100..102 °C
Water maximum temp output:
115 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
70..80 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
85 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
153 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
2.6 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
400 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
910 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
150..180 km/h
Glideslope speed:
190..200 km/h
Landing speed:
145..155 km/h
Landing angle:
14.8 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 11600 m
Climb rate at sea level: 19.5 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 18.8 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 14.9 m/s

Dive speed limit: 850 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: June 1941

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 2382 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 2545 kg
Standard weight: 2890 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 3189 kg
Fuel load: 304 kg / 400 l
Useful load: 807 kg

Length: 8.94 m
Wingspan: 9.97 m
Wing surface: 16.1 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 2.6 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
20.3 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
26.1 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat:
522 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Combat:
570 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 6000 m, engine mode - Combat:
635 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
154..171 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
148..161 km/h

Operational Features

• Airplane has a wide automatization of the engine systems, in fact, to control speed it is only necessary to use the throttle lever. There is no need to manually set engine revolutions and mixture or supercharger gear in normal flight.
• In addition to full-automatic mode there is a special manual control mode for the radiator shutters, which can be used in specific situations.
• To reduce swinging during taxiing due to prop-wash the propeller pitch control should be switched to manual mode and pitch should be reduced to minimum.
• Airplane has no flight-control trimmers. Airplane is equipped with bendable trim tabs that can be set pre-flight by ground personnel.
• Airplane has a manually controlled horizontal stabilizer. It should be set to +1° before takeoff and to -4°...-5° before landing. Also, it may be used to trim the flight stick during the flight. In a deep dive the stabilizer should be set so that the pilot must push the flight stick forward to maintain the dive angle.
• Airplane has automatic wing slats. They deploy when the high angle of attack increases which makes pre-stall softer.
• Airplane has a manual mechanical system for retracting the landing flaps, for this reason it is necessary to extend landing flaps well before final approach. Markers on the left-wing flap indicate how far the flaps are extended. The flaps can be extended to any angle up to 40°.
• Airplane has a manual tail wheel lock. Wheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance and before takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows total fuel remaining. Also, it has an emergency fuel warning light (80 liters).
• The design of the cockpit canopy does not allow it to be opened during flight. The canopy should be closed before takeoff to prevent damage. The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• The control system for the bomb rack only allows to drop bombs one by one.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2300 RPM, 1.15 ata
Combat power (up to 30 minutes):
2600 RPM, 1.3 ata
Emergency power (up to 10 minute):
2800 RPM, 1.7 ata

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
100..102 °C
Water maximum temp output:
115 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
70..80 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
85 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
186 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
2.15 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
400 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
752 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
155..180 km/h
Glideslope speed:
195..205 km/h
Landing speed:
150..155 km/h
Landing angle:
13.7 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 11500 m
Climb rate at sea level: 19.2 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 17.5 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 13.1 m/s

Dive speed limit: 850 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: July 1944

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 2680 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 2899 kg
Standard weight: 3266 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 3565 kg
Fuel load: 304 kg / 400 l
Useful load: 885 kg

Length: 8.94 m
Wingspan: 9.97 m
Wing surface: 16.1 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 2.15 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
23.0 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
31.5 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Emergency:
576 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 5500 m,, engine mode - Emergency:
668 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat:
505 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Combat:
545 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 7000 m, engine mode - Combat:
619 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
164..181 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
156..172 km/h

Operational Features

• Airplane has a wide automatization of the engine systems, in fact, to control speed it is only necessary to use the throttle lever. There is no need to manually set engine revolutions and mixture or supercharger gear in normal flight.
• The aircraft is equipped with MW-50 water-methanol mixture injection system that prevents the engine detonation in the emergency power mode. It engages automatically when the throttle is set to maximum, there is enough mixture for 25-30 minutes. However, the engine can work up to 10 minutes at this mode, wait for another 10 minutes at the combat mode before engaging the emergency mode again. Attention: running the engine at the emergency mode without the water-methanol mixture or at altitudes higher than 6 km is forbidden! A pilot can check the system using the injection pressure indicator on the left: its normal pressure is 0.6...0.7 atm, stop using it if the pressure is lower than 0.4 atm and switch the engine to combat mode.
• In addition to full-automatic mode there is a special manual control mode for the radiator shutters, which can be used in specific situations.
• To reduce swinging during taxiing due to prop-wash the propeller pitch control should be switched to manual mode and pitch should be reduced to minimum.
• Airplane has no flight-control trimmers. Airplane is equipped with bendable trim tabs that can be set pre-flight by ground personnel.
• Airplane has a manually controlled horizontal stabilizer. It should be set to +1° before takeoff and to -4°...-5° before landing. Also, it may be used to trim the flight stick during the flight. In a deep dive the stabilizer should be set so that the pilot must push the flight stick forward to maintain the dive angle.
• Airplane has automatic wing slats. They deploy when the high angle of attack increases which makes pre-stall softer.
• Airplane has a manual mechanical system for retracting the landing flaps, for this reason it is necessary to extend landing flaps well before final approach. Markers on the left-wing flap indicate how far the flaps are extended. The flaps can be extended to any angle up to 40°.
• Airplane has a manual tail wheel lock. Wheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance and before takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows total fuel remaining. Also, it has an emergency fuel warning light (80 liters).
• The design of the cockpit canopy does not allow it to be opened during flight. The canopy should be closed before takeoff to prevent damage. The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• The control system for the bomb rack only allows to drop bombs one by one.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2300 RPM, 1.15 ata
Combat power (up to 30 minutes):
2600 RPM, 1.3 ata

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
100..102 °C
Water maximum temp output:
115 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
70..80 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
85 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
166 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
2.4 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
400 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
840 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
155..180 km/h
Glideslope speed:
195..205 km/h
Landing speed:
150..155 km/h
Landing angle:
14.8 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 12100 m
Climb rate at sea level: 21.0 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 19.5 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 16.5 m/s

Dive speed limit: 850 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: May 1942

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 2486 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 2649 kg
Standard weight: 2994 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 3283 kg
Fuel load: 304 kg / 400 l
Useful load: 797 kg

Length: 8.94 m
Wingspan: 9.97 m
Wing surface: 16.1 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 2.4 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
22.2 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
28.3 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat:
530 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Combat:
577 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 7000 m, engine mode - Combat:
656 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
158..174 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
153..164 km/h

Operational Features

• Airplane has a wide automatization of the engine systems, in fact, to control speed it is only necessary to use the throttle lever. There is no need to manually set engine revolutions and mixture or supercharger gear in normal flight.
• In addition to full-automatic mode there is a special manual control mode for the radiator shutters, which can be used in specific situations.
• To reduce swinging during taxiing due to prop-wash the propeller pitch control should be switched to manual mode and pitch should be reduced to minimum.
• Airplane has no flight-control trimmers. Airplane is equipped with bendable trim tabs that can be set pre-flight by ground personnel.
• Airplane has a manually controlled horizontal stabilizer. It should be set to +1° before takeoff and to -4°...-5° before landing. Also, it may be used to trim the flight stick during the flight. In a deep dive the stabilizer should be set so that the pilot must push the flight stick forward to maintain the dive angle.
• Airplane has automatic wing slats. They deploy when the high angle of attack increases which makes pre-stall softer.
• Airplane has a manual mechanical system for retracting the landing flaps, for this reason it is necessary to extend landing flaps well before final approach. Markers on the left-wing flap indicate how far the flaps are extended. The flaps can be extended to any angle up to 40°.
• Airplane has a manual tail wheel lock. Wheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance and before takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows total fuel remaining. Also, it has an emergency fuel warning light (80 liters).
• The design of the cockpit canopy does not allow it to be opened during flight. The canopy should be closed before takeoff to prevent damage. The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• The control system for the bomb rack only allows to drop bombs one by one.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2300 RPM, 1.15 ata
Combat power (up to 30 minutes):
2600 RPM, 1.3 ata
Emergency power (up to 1 minute):
2800 RPM, 1.42 ata

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
100..102 °C
Water maximum temp output:
115 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
70..80 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
85 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
166 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
2.4 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
400 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
840 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
155..180 km/h
Glideslope speed:
195..205 km/h
Landing speed:
150..155 km/h
Landing angle:
13.7 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 11800 m
Climb rate at sea level: 20.1 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 18.9 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 15.4 m/s

Dive speed limit: 850 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: November 1942

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 2506 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 2669 kg
Standard weight: 3014 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 3303 kg
Fuel load: 304 kg / 400 l
Useful load: 797 kg

Length: 8.94 m
Wingspan: 9.97 m
Wing surface: 16.1 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 2.4 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
21.2 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
27.2 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Emergency:
540 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat:
517 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Combat:
564 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 7000 m, engine mode - Combat:
640 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
165..175 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
154..167 km/h

Operational Features

• Airplane has a wide automatization of the engine systems, in fact, to control speed it is only necessary to use the throttle lever. There is no need to manually set engine revolutions and mixture or supercharger gear in normal flight.
• In addition to full-automatic mode there is a special manual control mode for the radiator shutters, which can be used in specific situations.
• To reduce swinging during taxiing due to prop-wash the propeller pitch control should be switched to manual mode and pitch should be reduced to minimum.
• Airplane has no flight-control trimmers. Airplane is equipped with bendable trim tabs that can be set pre-flight by ground personnel.
• Airplane has a manually controlled horizontal stabilizer. It should be set to +1° before takeoff and to -4°...-5° before landing. Also, it may be used to trim the flight stick during the flight. In a deep dive the stabilizer should be set so that the pilot must push the flight stick forward to maintain the dive angle.
• Airplane has automatic wing slats. They deploy when the high angle of attack increases which makes pre-stall softer.
• Airplane has a manual mechanical system for retracting the landing flaps, for this reason it is necessary to extend landing flaps well before final approach. Markers on the left-wing flap indicate how far the flaps are extended. The flaps can be extended to any angle up to 40°.
• Airplane has a manual tail wheel lock. Wheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance and before takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows total fuel remaining. Also, it has an emergency fuel warning light (80 liters).
• The design of the cockpit canopy does not allow it to be opened during flight. The canopy should be closed before takeoff to prevent damage. The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• The control system for the bomb rack only allows to drop bombs one by one.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2300 RPM, 1.15 ata
Combat power (up to 30 minutes):
2600 RPM, 1.3 ata
Emergency power (up to 1 minute):
2800 RPM, 1.42 ata

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
100..102 °C
Water maximum temp output:
115 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
70..80 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
85 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
181 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
2.2 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
400 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
770 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
155..180 km/h
Glideslope speed:
195..205 km/h
Landing speed:
150..155 km/h
Landing angle:
13.7 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 11800 m
Climb rate at sea level: 20.1 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 18.8 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 15.2 m/s

Dive speed limit: 850 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: february 1943

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 2583 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 2734 kg
Standard weight: 3100 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 3400 kg
Fuel load: 304 kg / 400 l
Useful load: 817 kg

Length: 8.94 m
Wingspan: 9.97 m
Wing surface: 16.1 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 2.2 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
21.5 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
28.0 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Emergency:
529 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat:
505 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Combat:
547 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 7000 m, engine mode - Combat:
632 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
160..177 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
153..169 km/h

Operational Features

• Airplane has a wide automatization of the engine systems, in fact, to control speed it is only necessary to use the throttle lever. There is no need to manually set engine revolutions and mixture or supercharger gear in normal flight.
• In addition to full-automatic mode there is a special manual control mode for the radiator shutters, which can be used in specific situations.
• To reduce swinging during taxiing due to prop-wash the propeller pitch control should be switched to manual mode and pitch should be reduced to minimum.
• Airplane has no flight-control trimmers. Airplane is equipped with bendable trim tabs that can be set pre-flight by ground personnel.
• Airplane has a manually controlled horizontal stabilizer. It should be set to +1° before takeoff and to -4°...-5° before landing. Also, it may be used to trim the flight stick during the flight. In a deep dive the stabilizer should be set so that the pilot must push the flight stick forward to maintain the dive angle.
• Airplane has automatic wing slats. They deploy when the high angle of attack increases which makes pre-stall softer.
• Airplane has a manual mechanical system for retracting the landing flaps, for this reason it is necessary to extend landing flaps well before final approach. Markers on the left-wing flap indicate how far the flaps are extended. The flaps can be extended to any angle up to 40°.
• Airplane has a manual tail wheel lock. Wheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance and before takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows total fuel remaining. Also, it has an emergency fuel warning light (80 liters).
• The design of the cockpit canopy does not allow it to be opened during flight. The canopy should be closed before takeoff to prevent damage. The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• The control system for the bomb rack only allows to drop bombs one by one.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2400 RPM, 1.35 ata
Combat power (up to 30 minutes):
2600 RPM, 1.45 ata
Emergency power (up to 10 minutes):
2800 RPM, 1.8 ata
Nominal (unlimited time):
2400 RPM, 1.35 ata
Combat power (up to 30 minutes):
2600 RPM, 1.45 ata
Emergency power (up to 10 minutes):
2800 RPM, 1.98 ata

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
100..102 °C
Water maximum temp output:
115 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
70..80 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
95 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
186 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
2.15 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
400 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
752 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
160..190 km/h
Glideslope speed:
200..215 km/h
Landing speed:
155..160 km/h
Landing angle:
12.5 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 12300 m
Climb rate at sea level: 20.5 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 17.5 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 13.4 m/s
Service ceiling: 12300 m
Climb rate at sea level: 19.7 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 17.4 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 13.3 m/s

Dive speed limit: 850 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: October 1944

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 2754 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 3006 kg
Standard weight: 3361 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 3891 kg
Fuel load: 304 kg / 400 l
Useful load: 1137 kg

Length: 8.94 m
Wingspan: 9.97 m
Wing surface: 16.1 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 2.15 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
24.0 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
32.2 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at sea level:
24.2 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
32.3 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Emergency:
599 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 7500 m, engine mode - Emergency:
702 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat:
543 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 8000 m, engine mode - Combat:
684 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Emergency:
614 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 6200 m, engine mode - Emergency:
713 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat:
536 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 8000 m, engine mode - Combat:
684 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
167..190 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
160..181 km/h

Operational Features

• Airplane has a wide automatization of the engine systems, in fact, to control speed it is only necessary to use the throttle lever. There is no need to manually set engine revolutions and mixture or supercharger gear in normal flight.
• The aircraft is equipped with MW-50 water-methanol mixture injection system that prevents the engine detonation in the emergency power mode. It engages automatically when the throttle is set to maximum, there is enough mixture for 25-30 minutes. However, the engine can work up to 10 minutes at this mode, wait for another 10 minutes at the combat mode before engaging the emergency mode again. Attention: running the engine at the emergency mode without the water-methanol mixture or at altitudes higher than 6 km is forbidden! A pilot can check the system using the injection pressure indicator on the left: its normal pressure is 0.6...0.7 atm, stop using it if the pressure is lower than 0.4 atm and switch the engine to combat mode.
• In addition to full-automatic mode there is a special manual control mode for the radiator shutters, which can be used in specific situations.
• To reduce swinging during taxiing due to prop-wash the propeller pitch control should be switched to manual mode and pitch should be reduced to minimum.
• Airplane has no flight-control trimmers. Airplane is equipped with bendable trim tabs that can be set pre-flight by ground personnel.
• Airplane has a manually controlled horizontal stabilizer. It should be set to +1° before takeoff and to -4°...-5° before landing. Also, it may be used to trim the flight stick during the flight. In a deep dive the stabilizer should be set so that the pilot must push the flight stick forward to maintain the dive angle.
• Airplane has automatic wing slats. They deploy when the high angle of attack increases which makes pre-stall softer.
• Airplane has a manual mechanical system for retracting the landing flaps, for this reason it is necessary to extend landing flaps well before final approach. Markers on the left-wing flap indicate how far the flaps are extended. The flaps can be extended to any angle up to 40°.
• Airplane has a manual tail wheel lock. Wheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance and before takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows total fuel remaining. Also, it has an emergency fuel warning light (80 liters).
• The design of the cockpit canopy does not allow it to be opened during flight. The canopy should be closed before takeoff to prevent damage. The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2200 RPM, 1.15 ata
Combat power (up to 30 minutes):
2300 RPM, 1.23 ata
Emergency power (up to 5 minutes):
2400 RPM, 1.3 ata
Boosted power (up to 1 minute):
2400 RPM, 1.4 ata

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
94 °C
Water maximum temp output:
100 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
30..75 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
80 °C
Oil rated temp output:
95 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
105 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
300 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
362 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
3.5 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
1270 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
1050 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
180..220 km/h
Glideslope speed:
200..220 km/h
Landing speed:
140..160 km/h
Landing angle:
10.6 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 9500 m
Climb rate at sea level: 10.3 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 9.6 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 6.1 m/s

Dive speed limit: 740 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: October 1940

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 5175 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 5597 kg
Standart weight: 6706 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 8398 kg
Fuel load: 965 kg / 1270 l
Useful load: 3223 kg

Length: 12.1 m
Wingspan: 16.3 m
Wing surface: 38.4 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 3.5 h, at 300 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
27.4 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
35.4 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Emergency:
456 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Emergency:
494 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 5000 m, engine mode - Emergency:
529 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
148..182 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
131..162 km/h

Operational Features

• Airplane has a wide automatization of the engine systems, in fact, to control speed it is only necessary to use the throttle lever. There is no need to manually set engine revolutions and mixture or supercharger gear in normal flight.
• Water and oil radiator shutters are controlled manually. The oil radiator control has five fixed positions. The water radiator control has nine fixed positions.
• Propellers have a feathering system which should be activated in case of engine damage to reduce drag of the propeller in auto-rotation.
• To reduce swinging during taxiing due to prop-wash it is necessary to use asymmetrical engines thrust. It is recommended to give the left engine 20%25 more power. Also, the propeller pitch control should be switched to manual mode and pitch should be reduced to minimum.
• Airplane has only pitch and yaw flight-control trimmers.
• Airplane has automatic wing slats. They deploy when the high angle of attack increases which makes pre-stall softer.
• Landing flaps have a hydraulic actuator and they can be extended to any angle up to 50°.
• Airplane has an automatically controlled horizontal stabilizer. An automatic control system adjusts the stabilizer angle depending on the extended angle of the landing flaps.
• Airplane tail wheel rotates freely and does not have a lock. For this reason, it is necessary to confidently and accurately operate the rudder pedals during the takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows the remaining fuel in one of four fuel tanks depending on the switch position. In the game the fuel indicator switch changes by itself during horizontal flight by every 10 seconds. Also, the airplane has a low fuel warning light (50 liters) for each tank.
• The design of the cockpit canopy does not allow it to be opened during flight. The canopy should be closed before takeoff to prevent damage. The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• Airplane is equipped with an automatic bomb salvo controller, it allows you to choose which bomb-racks to be released (central belly, left and right wing) and to switch the bomb salvo (single release or release all bombs).
• Reloading of both MG-FF guns (forward and rearward) must be performed by the rear gunner. The forward firing MGFF must be reloaded at the pilot`s command.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2300 RPM, 1.15 ata
Combat power (up to 30 minutes):
2600 RPM, 1.3 ata
Emergency power (up to 1 minute):
2800 RPM, 1.42 ata

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
100..102 °C
Water maximum temp output:
115 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
70..80 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
85 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
300 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
317 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
4.0 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
1270 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
1200 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
190..230 km/h
Glideslope speed:
210..230 km/h
Landing speed:
150..170 km/h
Landing angle:
10.7 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 10800 m
Climb rate at sea level: 15.6 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 14.1 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 10.7 m/s

Dive speed limit: 740 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: Autumn 1942

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 5905 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 6335 kg
Standart weight: 7514 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 8928 kg
Fuel load: 1003 kg / 1270 l
Useful load: 3023 kg

Length: 12.1 m
Wingspan: 16.3 m
Wing surface: 38.4 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 4.0 h, at 300 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
23.5 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
31.2 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat:
489 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Combat:
533 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 6500 m, engine mode - Combat:
581 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
160..190 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
141..168 km/h

Operational Features

• Airplane has a wide automatization of the engine systems, in fact, to control speed it is only necessary to use the throttle lever. There is no need to manually set engine revolutions and mixture or supercharger gear in normal flight.
• Water and oil radiator shutters are controlled manually. The oil radiator control has five fixed positions. The water radiator control has nine fixed positions.
• Propellers have a feathering system which should be activated in case of engine damage to reduce drag of the propeller in auto-rotation.
• To reduce swinging during taxiing due to prop-wash it is necessary to use asymmetrical engines thrust. It is recommended to give the left engine 20%25 more power. Also, the propeller pitch control should be switched to manual mode and pitch should be reduced to minimum.
• Airplane has only pitch and yaw flight-control trimmers.
• Airplane has automatic wing slats. They deploy when the high angle of attack increases which makes pre-stall softer.
• Landing flaps have a hydraulic actuator and they can be extended to any angle up to 50°.
• Airplane has an automatically controlled horizontal stabilizer. An automatic control system adjusts the stabilizer angle depending on the extended angle of the landing flaps.
• Airplane tail wheel rotates freely and does not have a lock. For this reason, it is necessary to confidently and accurately operate the rudder pedals during the takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows the remaining fuel in one of four fuel tanks depending on the switch position. In the game the fuel indicator switch changes by itself during horizontal flight by every 10 seconds. Also, the airplane has a low fuel warning light (50 liters) for each tank.
• The design of the cockpit canopy does not allow it to be opened during flight. The canopy should be closed before takeoff to prevent damage. The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• Airplane is equipped with an automatic bomb salvo controller, it allows you to choose which bomb-racks to be released (central belly, left and right wing) and to switch the bomb salvo (single release or release all bombs).
• Reloading of BK37 gun is performed by the rear gunner at the pilot`s command.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2300 RPM, 1.2 ata
Combat power (up to 30 minutes):
2400 RPM, 1.32 ata
Emergency power (up to 3 minutes):
2700 RPM, 1.42 ata

Optimal Temp Settings

Oil rated temp intake:
60..70 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
85 °C
Oil rated temp output:
105 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
120 °C
Cylinder head rated temp:
180 °C
Cylinder head maximum temp:
220 °C
Supercharger gear shift altitude:
automatic

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
163 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
3.2 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
524 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
1120 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
170..210 km/h
Glideslope speed:
205..215 km/h
Landing speed:
160..170 km/h
Landing angle:
12.5°

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 10800 m
Climb rate at sea level: 16.0 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 12.7 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 10.3 m/s

Dive speed limit: 850 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: March 1942

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 3148 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 3330 kg
Standard weight: 3855 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 4385 kg
Fuel load: 409 kg / 524 l
Useful load: 1237 kg

Length: 8.85 m
Wingspan: 10.51 m
Wing surface: 18.3 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 3.2 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
23.0 s, at 280 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
28.0 s, at 280 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Emergency:
560 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 3000 m, engine mode - Emergency:
581 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 6400 m, engine mode - Emergency:
662 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat:
535 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 3000 m, engine mode - Combat:
562 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 6000 m, engine mode - Combat:
626 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
166..189 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
166..172 km/h

Operational Features

• Airplane has a wide automatization of the engine systems, in fact, to control speed it is only necessary to use the throttle lever. There is no need to manually set engine revolutions and mixture or supercharger gear in normal flight. The engine supercharger has an automatic switch system which depends on altitude and engine revolutions.
• To reduce swinging during taxiing due to prop-wash the propeller pitch control should be switched to manual mode and pitch should be reduced to minimum.
• When the angle of attack increases to critical levels the wing may stall suddenly and unexpectedly. There is almost no pre-stall buffet before the stalling. To avoid this the pilot must pay additional attention when performing extreme maneuvering.
• Airplane has no flight-control trimmers. Airplane is equipped with bendable trim tabs that can be set pre-flight by ground personnel.
• Airplane has a manually controlled horizontal stabilizer which is electrically-actuated. It should be set to +1.5° before takeoff and landing. Also, it may be used to trim the flight stick during the flight. In a deep dive the stabilizer should be set so that the pilot must push the flight stick forward to maintain the dive angle.
• Airplane has electrically-actuated landing flaps with three fixed positions: retracted, takeoff (13°) and landing (58°). Flaps control buttons and indicator lights are located on left panel near the throttle. The flap angle may also be checked by indicators on the left and right wing outside the cockpit.
• Airplane has a tail wheel lock system which locks the tail wheel if the flight-stick is pulled backward. The tailwheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance, before takeoff and after touchdown upon landing.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows the amount of remaining fuel in the front or rear fuel tank depending on switch position. In game the fuel indicator switch changes by itself during horizontal flight by every 10 seconds. Also, the airplane has an emergency fuel warning light (100 liters).
• It is impossible to open or close the canopy at high speed due to strong airflow. The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• The control system for the bomb rack only allows for dropping bombs one by one.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2300 RPM, 1.2 ata
Combat power (up to 30 minutes):
2400 RPM, 1.32 ata
Emergency power (up to 3 minutes):
2700 RPM, 1.42 ata

Optimal Temp Settings

Oil rated temp intake:
60..70 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
85 °C
Oil rated temp output:
105 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
120 °C
Cylinder head rated temp:
180 °C
Cylinder head maximum temp:
220 °C
Supercharger gear shift altitude:
automatic

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
174 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
3.0 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
524 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
1050 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
170..210 km/h
Glideslope speed:
205..215 km/h
Landing speed:
160..170 km/h
Landing angle:
12.5°

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 10600 m
Climb rate at sea level: 15.4 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 11.9 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 9.7 m/s

Dive speed limit: 850 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: Spring 1943

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 3219 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 3401 kg
Standard weight: 3926 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 4648 kg
Fuel load: 409 kg / 524 l
Useful load: 1429 kg

Length: 8.85 m
Wingspan: 10.51 m
Wing surface: 18.3 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 3.0 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
23.5 s, at 280 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
35.5 s, at 280 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Emergency:
558 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 3000 m, engine mode - Emergency:
578 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 6400 m, engine mode - Emergency:
658 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat:
533 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 3000 m, engine mode - Combat:
558 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 6000 m, engine mode - Combat:
622 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
169..195 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
160..175 km/h

Operational Features

• Airplane has a wide automatization of the engine systems, in fact, to control speed it is only necessary to use the throttle lever. There is no need to manually set engine revolutions and mixture or supercharger gear in normal flight. The engine supercharger has an automatic switch system which depends on altitude and engine revolutions.
• U17 strike modification includes C3 additional fuel injection system. When engaged, it increases pressure to 1.65 ATA (10 minutes time limit). This system can be turned on by engine boost command only at 100%25 throttle, with automatic propeller pitch control enabled and at altitudes lower than 1 km.
• Outlet cowl shutters are operated manually.
• To reduce swinging during taxiing due to prop-wash the propeller pitch control should be switched to manual mode and pitch should be reduced to minimum.
• When the angle of attack increases to critical levels the wing may stall suddenly and unexpectedly. There is almost no pre-stall buffet before the stalling. To avoid this the pilot must pay additional attention when performing extreme maneuvering.
• Airplane has no flight-control trimmers. Airplane is equipped with bendable trim tabs that can be set pre-flight by ground personnel.
• Airplane has a manually controlled horizontal stabilizer which is electrically-actuated. It should be set to +1.5° before takeoff and landing. Also, it may be used to trim the flight stick during the flight. In a deep dive the stabilizer should be set so that the pilot must push the flight stick forward to maintain the dive angle.
• Airplane has electrically-actuated landing flaps with three fixed positions: retracted, takeoff (13°) and landing (58°). Flaps control buttons and indicator lights are located on left panel near the throttle. The flap angle may also be checked by indicators on the left and right wing outside the cockpit.
• Airplane has a tail wheel lock system which locks the tail wheel if the flight-stick is pulled backward. The tailwheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance, before takeoff and after touchdown upon landing.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows the amount of remaining fuel in the front or rear fuel tank depending on switch position. In game the fuel indicator switch changes by itself during horizontal flight by every 10 seconds. Also, the airplane has an emergency fuel warning light (100 liters).
• It is impossible to open or close the canopy at high speed due to strong airflow. The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• The control system for the bomb rack only allows for dropping bombs one by one.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2300 RPM, 1.2 ata
Combat power (up to 30 minutes):
2400 RPM, 1.32 ata
Emergency power (up to 3 minutes):
2700 RPM, 1.42 ata

Optimal Temp Settings

Oil rated temp intake:
60..70 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
85 °C
Oil rated temp output:
105 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
120 °C
Cylinder head rated temp:
180 °C
Cylinder head maximum temp:
220 °C
Supercharger gear shift altitude:
automatic

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
168 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
3.8 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
639 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
1330 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
180..220 km/h
Glideslope speed:
215..225 km/h
Landing speed:
160..180 km/h
Landing angle:
12.5°

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 10300 m
Climb rate at sea level: 13.8 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 10.1 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 7.8 m/s

Dive speed limit: 850 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: Spring 1944

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 3504 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 3697 kg
Standard weight: 4391 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 5239 kg
Fuel load: 498 kg / 639 l
Useful load: 1735 kg

Length: 8.85 m
Wingspan: 10.51 m
Wing surface: 18.3 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 3.8 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
24.2 s, at 280 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
33.0 s, at 280 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Emergency:
558 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 3000 m, engine mode - Emergency:
580 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 6200 m, engine mode - Emergency:
641 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat:
532 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 3000 m, engine mode - Combat:
558 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 5800 m, engine mode - Combat:
612 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
177..208 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
164..188 km/h

Operational Features

• Airplane has a wide automatization of the engine systems, in fact, to control speed it is only necessary to use the throttle lever. There is no need to manually set engine revolutions and mixture or supercharger gear in normal flight. The engine supercharger has an automatic switch system which depends on altitude and engine revolutions.
• There is an additional emergency engine mode system installed. When it is engaged, the first supercharger gear pressure increases to 1.58 ATA and the second gear pressure to 1.65 ATA, the time limit is 10 minutes. This system is turned on by the engine boost command and works only when the throttle is set to 100%25, automatic propeller pitch system is engaged and the altitude is lower than critical altitude for a given supercharger gear.
• Outlet cowl shutters are operated manually.
• To reduce swinging during taxiing due to prop-wash the propeller pitch control should be switched to manual mode and pitch should be reduced to minimum.
• When the angle of attack increases to critical levels the wing may stall suddenly and unexpectedly. There is almost no pre-stall buffet before the stalling. To avoid this the pilot must pay additional attention when performing extreme maneuvering.
• Airplane has no flight-control trimmers. Airplane is equipped with bendable trim tabs that can be set pre-flight by ground personnel.
• Airplane has a manually controlled horizontal stabilizer which is electrically-actuated. It should be set to +1.5° before takeoff and landing. Also, it may be used to trim the flight stick during the flight. In a deep dive the stabilizer should be set so that the pilot must push the flight stick forward to maintain the dive angle.
• Airplane has electrically-actuated landing flaps with three fixed positions: retracted, takeoff (13°) and landing (58°). Flaps control buttons are located on left panel near the throttle. The flap angle may be checked by indicators on the left and right wing outside the cockpit.
• Airplane has a tail wheel lock system which locks the tail wheel if the flight-stick is pulled backward. The tailwheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance, before takeoff and after touchdown upon landing.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows the amount of remaining fuel in the front or rear fuel tank depending on switch position. In game the fuel indicator switch changes by itself during horizontal flight by every 10 seconds. Also, the airplane has an emergency fuel warning light (100 liters).
• It is impossible to open or close the canopy at high speed due to strong airflow. The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• The standard bomb release controller (without modification) allows dropping the bombs only one by one. The strike modification (F-8) bomb release controller allows to choose the bomb release order for underbelly and underwing bombs and the delay between each bomb in the salvo.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
3000 RPM, 1.42 ata
Combat power (up to 30 minutes):
3250 RPM, 1.51 ata
Emergency power (up to 3 minutes):
3250 RPM, 1.7 ata
Emergency power with MW-50 (up to 10 minutes):
3250 RPM, 1.8 ata

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
55..100 °C
Water maximum temp output:
110 °C
Oil rated temp output:
40..110 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
120 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
209 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
2.5 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
524 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
875 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
180..220 km/h
Glideslope speed:
215..225 km/h
Landing speed:
160..180 km/h
Landing angle:
12.5°

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 11600 m
Climb rate at sea level: 19.0 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 17.3 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 14.6 m/s

Dive speed limit: 850 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: end of September 1944

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 3443 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 3759 kg
Standard weight: 4289 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 4832 kg
Fuel load: 388 kg / 524 l
Useful load: 1389 kg

Length: 10.2 m
Wingspan: 10.51 m
Wing surface: 18.3 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 2.5 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
20.0 s, at 300 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
29.0 s, at 300 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Emergency:
607 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Emergency:
641 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 5200 m, engine mode - Emergency:
694 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat:
565 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 3200 m, engine mode - Combat:
623 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 6500 m, engine mode - Combat:
663 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
174..197 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
160..181 km/h

Operational Features

• Airplane has a wide automatization of the engine systems, in fact, to control speed it is only necessary to use the throttle lever. There is no need to manually set engine revolutions and mixture or supercharger gear in normal flight. The engine supercharger has an automatic switch system which depends on altitude and engine revolutions.
• The aircraft is equipped with MW-50 water-methanol mixture injection system that prevents the engine detonation in the emergency power mode.
• Radiator flaps are controlled automatically, keeping a set coolant temperature. This temperature can be set by a pilot using the thermostat regulator if needed (default 0%25 setting is adequate for all engine modes, while increasing it cools the engine more).
• When the angle of attack increases to critical levels the wing may stall suddenly and unexpectedly. There is almost no pre-stall buffet before the stalling. To avoid this the pilot must pay additional attention when performing extreme maneuvering.
• Airplane has no flight-control trimmers. Airplane is equipped with bendable trim tabs that can be set pre-flight by ground personnel.
• Airplane has a manually controlled horizontal stabilizer which is electrically-actuated. It should be set to +1.5° before takeoff and landing. Also, it may be used to trim the flight stick during the flight. In a deep dive the stabilizer should be set so that the pilot must push the flight stick forward to maintain the dive angle.
• Airplane has electrically-actuated landing flaps with three fixed positions: retracted, takeoff (13°) and landing (58°). Flaps control buttons are located on left panel near the throttle. The flap angle may be checked by indicators on the left and right wing outside the cockpit.
• Airplane has a tail wheel lock system which locks the tail wheel if the flight-stick is pulled backward. The tailwheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance, before takeoff and after touchdown upon landing.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows the amount of remaining fuel in the front or rear fuel tank depending on switch position. In game the fuel indicator switch changes by itself during horizontal flight by every 10 seconds. Also, the airplane has an emergency fuel warning light (100 liters).
• It is impossible to open or close the canopy at high speed due to strong airflow. The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• The standard bomb release controller allows dropping the bombs only one by one.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2250 RPM, 1.15 ata
Climb power (up to 30 minutes):
2400 RPM, 1.25 ata
Take-off power (up to 1 minute):
2600 RPM, 1.40 ata

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
80 °C
Water maximum temp output:
110 °C
Oil rated temp output:
90 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
105 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
300 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
514 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
6.7 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
3450 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
2010 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
170..210 km/h
Glideslope speed:
180..200 km/h
Landing speed:
125..150 km/h
Landing angle:
9 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 6850 m
Climb rate at sea level: 5.3 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 4.1 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 2.3 m/s

Dive speed limit: 560 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: winter 1943

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 8698 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 9831 kg
Standard weight: 13017 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 15689 kg
Fuel load: 2553 kg / 3450 l
Useful load: 6991 kg

Length: 16.38 m
Wingspan: 22.5 m
Wing surface: 79.5 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 6.7 h, at 300 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
30.8 s, at 250 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
45.2 s, at 250 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Climb:
370 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Climb:
399 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 5000 m, engine mode - Climb:
410 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
150..194 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
123..156 km/h

Operational Features

• Each engine has a two-stage mechanical supercharger with an automatic switch system that switches gears depending altitude and engine revolutions. It can also be manually switched to first gear.
• Engine mixture control is automatic.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• Propellers have a feathering system which should be activated in case of engine damage to reduce drag of the propeller in auto-rotation.
• Water and oil radiator shutter controls are manual. The oil radiator control has five fixed positions.
• Airplane has trimmers for all flight-controls: pitch, roll and yaw.
• Landing flaps have a hydraulic actuator and they can be extended to any angle up to 60°.
• Airplane tail wheel rotates freely and does not have a lock. For this reason, it is necessary to confidently and accurately operate the rudder pedals during the takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane has dedicated fuel gauges for left and right fuel tank groups and there is a switch between the internal and external fuel tank group indicator. In game the fuel indicator switch changes by itself during horizontal flight every 10 seconds. Also, the airplane has low fuel warning lights (200 liters) for left and right fuel tank groups.
• Airplane is equipped with an automatic bomb salvo controller, it allows you to switch between the bomb racks to be released (internal or external) and to switch between different salvo quantities. There is also a controller for a drop delay between each bomb in the salvo.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2250 RPM, 1.15 ata
Climb power (up to 30 minutes):
2400 RPM, 1.25 ata
Take-off power (up to 1 minute):
2600 RPM, 1.42 ata

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
80 °C
Water maximum temp output:
110 °C
Oil rated temp output:
90 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
105 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
300 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
504 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
8.5 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
4285 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
2550 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
170..210 km/h
Glideslope speed:
180..200 km/h
Landing speed:
125..150 km/h
Landing angle:
9 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 6300 m
Climb rate at sea level: 4.5 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 3.6 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 1.8 m/s

Dive speed limit: 560 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: June 1941

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 8963 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 9946 kg
Standard weight: 13727 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 15239 kg
Fuel load: 3214 kg / 4285 l
Useful load: 6276 kg

Length: 16.38 m
Wingspan: 22.5 m
Wing surface: 79.5 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 8.5 h, at 300 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
30.8 s, at 250 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
45.2 s, at 250 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Climb:
369 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Climb:
398 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 5000 m, engine mode - Climb:
405 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
150..184 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
123..151 km/h

Operational Features

• Each engine has a two-stage mechanical supercharger with an automatic switch system that switches gears depending altitude and engine revolutions. It can also be manually switched to first gear.
• Engine mixture control is automatic.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• Propellers have a feathering system which should be activated in case of engine damage to reduce drag of the propeller in auto-rotation.
• Water and oil radiator shutter controls are manual. The oil radiator control has five fixed positions.
• Airplane has trimmers for all flight-controls: pitch, roll and yaw.
• Landing flaps have a hydraulic actuator and they can be extended to any angle up to 60°.
• Airplane tail wheel rotates freely and does not have a lock. For this reason, it is necessary to confidently and accurately operate the rudder pedals during the takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane has dedicated fuel gauges for left and right fuel tank groups and there is a switch between the internal and external fuel tank group indicator. In game the fuel indicator switch changes by itself during horizontal flight every 10 seconds. Also, there is dedicated fuel gauge for the fuselage fuel tank. Also, the airplane has low fuel warning lights (200 liters) for left and right fuel tank groups.
• Airplane is equipped with an automatic bomb salvo controller, it allows you to switch between the bomb racks to be released (internal or external) and to switch between different salvo quantities. There is also a controller for a drop delay between each bomb in the salvo.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2350 RPM, 1.1 ata
Combat power (up to 30 minutes):
2750 RPM, 1.25 ata
Take-off power (up to 1 minute):
3030 RPM, 1.5 ata

Optimal Temp Settings

Oil rated temp intake:
60..75 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
125 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
300 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
290 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
2.1 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
610 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
630 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
145..155 km/h
Glideslope speed:
180..200 km/h
Landing speed:
135..145 km/h
Landing angle:
10.6 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 7000 m
Climb rate at sea level: 8.4 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 8.1 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 2.6 m/s

Dive speed limit: 670 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: May 1942

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 3992 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 4200 kg
Standart weight: 4756 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 5170 kg
Fuel load: 451 kg / 610 l
Useful load: 1178 kg

Length: 9.7 m
Wingspan: 14.2 m
Wing surface: 28.9 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 2.1 h, at 300 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
30.0 s, at 255 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
46.0 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat:
349 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 3000 m, engine mode - Combat:
396 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
143..159 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
136..150 km/h

Operational Features

• Controlling the propellers RPM is possible only in the manual mode by changing the propeller pitch. The automatic mode keeps the RPM at 2750.
• The engine control lever allows setting the pressure up to the combat mode (1.25 ATA).
• To switch the engines to the take-off mode, move the boost lever to 1.5 ATA position and set the propellers to 3030 RPM.
• Engine mixture control is automatic. Leaning the mixture manually reduces the fuel consumption during flight.
• The oil radiator shutters are controlled automatically and do not have a manual mode.
• The propellers have a feathering system which should be activated in case of engine damage to reduce drag of the propeller in auto-rotation.
• The aircraft has only pitch and yaw flight-control trimmers.
• The aircraft has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Landing flaps have a hydraulic actuator and they can be extended to any angle up to 40° or to the fixed take-off position.
• The tail wheel rotates freely and does not have a lock. For this reason, it is necessary to confidently and accurately operate the rudder pedals during the takeoff and landing.
• The aircraft fuel gauges are positioned directly on the engine nacelles and show only the amount of fuel remaining in the wing tanks (the fuel remaining in the central fuel tank is not indicated).
• The aircraft isn't equipped with an oxygen supply system, so flying above 4000 meters is forbidden.
• The aircraft is equipped with an electric bomb release controller that allows dropping the bombs only one by one.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2200 RPM, 915 mm Hg
Boosted power (up to 5 minutes):
2300 RPM, 1065 mm Hg

Optimal Temp Settings

Oil rated temp output:
55..90 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
125 °C
Cylinder head rated temp:
120..200 °C
Cylinder head maximum temp:
205 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
288 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
0.9 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
260 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
315 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
145..175 km/h
Glideslope speed:
185..195 km/h
Landing speed:
135..145 km/h
Landing angle:
15.3 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 10500 m
Climb rate at sea level: 16.7 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 13.8 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 8.8 m/s

Dive speed limit: 620 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: June 1941

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 1501 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 1633 kg
Standard weight: 1878 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 2146 kg
Fuel load: 191 kg / 260 l
Useful load: 645 kg

Length: 6.04 m
Wingspan: 9 m
Wing surface: 14.54 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 0.9 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
19.0 s, at 230 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
25.3 s, at 230 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Boosted:
448 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 1800 m, engine mode - Nominal:
460 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 4500 m, engine mode - Nominal:
490 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
143..164 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
142..163 km/h

Operational Features

• Engine has a boost mode. To set boost mode it is necessary to push the boost lever fully forward and increase the engine to 2300 RPM.
• Engine has a two-stage mechanical supercharger which should be manually shifted at 3000m altitude.
• Engine mixture control is automatic when the mixture lever is set to maximum. It is possible to manually lean the mixture by moving the mixture control to less than maximum. This also reduces fuel consumption during flight.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• Oil radiator shutter and air cooling intake shutters control is manual.
• Airplane has no flight-control trimmers. Airplane is equipped with bendable trim tabs that can be set pre-flight by ground personnel.
• Airplane has a manual system for landing flaps and gear, for this reason it is necessary to extend landing flaps and gear before final approach. Landing flaps can be extended to any angle up to 53°.
• Airplane has a tail wheel control mechanism which is linked to rudder pedals. Because of this, it is necessary to avoid of large rudder pedal inputs when moving at high speed on the ground.
• Airplane has independent left and right mechanical wheel brakes. To brake it is necessary to push upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane has a hydrostatic fuel gauge which shows total fuel remaining only when manual sucker lever is pushed in. In game this happens by itself during horizontal flight by every 10 seconds.
• Cockpit has side-doors which should be closed before takeoff to prevent damage.
• When bombs are installed there is a salvo controller, it has two release modes: single drop or drop two in a salvo.
• When rockets are installed there is a salvo controller, it has three launch modes: single fire, fire two in a salvo or fire four in a salvo.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter. There is also a back-up folding mechanical sight which can be used if main sight is damaged.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2050 RPM, 1180 mm Hg
Boosted power (up to 10 minutes):
2150 RPM, 1280 mm Hg

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
80..110 °C
Water maximum temp output:
120 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
40..80 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
85 °C
Oil rated temp output:
115 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
120 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
300 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
377 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
1.7 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
641 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
510 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
150..190 km/h
Glideslope speed:
185..195 km/h
Landing speed:
130..140 km/h
Landing angle:
11.7 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 7500 m
Climb rate at sea level: 9.4 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 8.9 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 3.9 m/s

Dive speed limit: 570 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: June 1941

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 4242 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 4464 kg
Standard weight: 5049 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 5888 kg
Fuel load: 470 kg / 641 l
Useful load: 1646 kg

Length: 11.5 m
Wingspan: 14.6 m
Wing surface: 38.5 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 1.7 h, at 300 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
23.1 s, at 250 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
32.6 s, at 250 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Boosted:
430 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Nominal (at 2150 RPM):
421 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2500 m, engine mode - Nominal (at 2150 RPM):
455 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
136..156 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
128..146 km/h

Operational Features

• Engine has a boost mode which is engaged by setting mixture control lever to maximum position.
• Engine has a single stage mechanical supercharger which does not require manual control.
• Engine mixture control is automatic when the mixture lever is set to the intermediate (50%25) position. It is possible to manually lean the mixture by moving the control lever to less than 50%25. This will lower fuel consumption during flight.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• Water and oil radiator shutter control is manual. Airplane has armoured oil radiator shutters which should be closed at the beginning of ground attack to reduce a possibility of combat damage. After finishing the attack, it is necessary to re-open the shutters to the required position.
• Airplane has only the pitch flight-control trimmer.
• Landing flaps have a pneumatic actuator. Flaps can only be fully extended; gradual extending is impossible. Due to the weak force of the actuator the extended landing flaps may be pressed upwards by the airflow if the airspeed is more than 220 km/h. Remember that the flaps will not extend fully in case of high speed. In case of a high-speed landing approach the flaps may extend a few steps further right before landing.
• Airplane has a manual tail wheel lock. Wheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance and before takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has differential pneumatic wheel brakes with shared control lever. This means that if the brake lever is held and the rudder pedal the opposite wheel brake is gradually released causing the plane to swing to one side or the other.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows the amount of remaining fuel in the front or bottom fuel tank depending on switch position. In game the fuel indicator switch changes by itself during horizontal flight by every 10 seconds. Rear fuel tank level is not indicated.
• Cockpit canopy weight is 50 kg and it has no lock in the open position, for this reason the canopy may to spontaneously close in a deep dive. Also, it is impossible to open or close canopy at high speed due to strong airflow. The canopy has no emergency release, so bail out requires the speed drop before it.
• Airplane is equipped with a joint salvo controller both for bombs and rockets, it has three release/fire modes: single launch, launch two in a salvo or launch four in a salvo.
• The gunsight is installed on a sliding bar which allows the pilot to extend the gunsight towards the pilot allowing for an increase in the field of view through the gunsight.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2050 RPM, 1180 mm Hg
Boosted power (up to 10 minutes):
2150 RPM, 1280 mm Hg

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
80..110 °C
Water maximum temp output:
120 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
40..80 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
85 °C
Oil rated temp output:
115 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
120 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
300 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
429 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
1.7 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
730 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
510 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
150..190 km/h
Glideslope speed:
185..195 km/h
Landing speed:
135..145 km/h
Landing angle:
11.7 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 6000 m
Climb rate at sea level: 7.1 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 5.6 m/s

Dive speed limit: 570 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: June 1942

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 4462 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 4651 kg
Standard weight: 5294 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 6127 kg
Fuel load: 535 kg / 730 l
Useful load: 1665 kg

Length: 11.5 m
Wingspan: 14.6 m
Wing surface: 38.5 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 1.7 h, at 300 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
25.7 s, at 250 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
37.3 s, at 250 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Boosted:
400 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Nominal:
380 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2500 m, engine mode - Nominal:
414 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
138..158 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
130..148 km/h

Operational Features

• Engine has a boost mode which is engaged by setting mixture control lever to maximum position.
• Engine has a single stage mechanical supercharger which does not require manual control.
• Engine mixture control is automatic when the mixture lever is set to the intermediate (50%25) position. It is possible to manually lean the mixture by moving the control lever to less than 50%25. This will lower fuel consumption during flight.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• Water and oil radiator shutter control is manual. Airplane has armoured oil radiator shutters which should be closed at the beginning of ground attack to reduce a possibility of combat damage. After finishing the attack, it is necessary to re-open the shutters to the required position.
• Airplane has only the pitch flight-control trimmer.
• Landing flaps have a pneumatic actuator. Flaps can only be fully extended; gradual extending is impossible. Due to the weak force of the actuator the extended landing flaps may be pressed upwards by the airflow if the airspeed is more than 220 km/h. Remember that the flaps will not extend fully in case of high speed. In case of a high-speed landing approach the flaps may extend a few steps further right before landing.
• Airplane has a manual tail wheel lock. Wheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance and before takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has differential pneumatic wheel brakes with shared control lever. This means that if the brake lever is held and the rudder pedal the opposite wheel brake is gradually released causing the plane to swing to one side or the other.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows the amount of remaining fuel in the front or bottom fuel tank depending on switch position. In game the fuel indicator switch changes by itself during horizontal flight by every 10 seconds. Rear fuel tank level is not indicated.
• Cockpit canopy weight is 50 kg and it has no lock in the open position, for this reason the canopy may to spontaneously close in a deep dive. Also, it is impossible to open or close canopy at high speed due to strong airflow. The canopy has no emergency release, so bail out requires the speed drop before it.
• Airplane is equipped with a joint salvo controller both for bombs and rockets, it has three release/fire modes: single launch, launch two in a salvo or launch four in a salvo.
• The gunsight is installed on a sliding bar which allows the pilot to extend the gunsight towards the pilot allowing for an increase in the field of view through the gunsight.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2050 RPM, 1200 mm Hg
Boosted power (up to 5 minutes):
2350 RPM, 1360 mm Hg

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
80..110 °C
Water maximum temp output:
120 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
40..80 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
85 °C
Oil rated temp output:
115 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
120 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
300 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
521 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
1.4 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
730 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
420 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
160..200 km/h
Glideslope speed:
195..205 km/h
Landing speed:
145..155 km/h
Landing angle:
11.7 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 5600 m
Climb rate at sea level: 7.5 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 4.2 m/s

Dive speed limit: 570 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: early 1943

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 4715 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 5014 kg
Standard weight: 5681 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 6375 kg
Fuel load: 535 kg / 730 l
Useful load: 1660 kg

Length: 11.5 m
Wingspan: 14.6 m
Wing surface: 38.5 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 1.4 h, at 300 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
26.6 s, at 250 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
39.3 s, at 250 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Boosted:
407 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Nominal:
389 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 1200 m, engine mode - Nominal:
400 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
144..159 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
135..152 km/h

Operational Features

• Engine has a boost mode which is engaged by setting mixture control lever to maximum position.
• Engine has a single stage mechanical supercharger which does not require manual control.
• Engine mixture control is automatic when the mixture lever is set to the intermediate (50%25) position. It is possible to manually lean the mixture by moving the control lever to less than 50%25. This will lower fuel consumption during flight.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• Water and oil radiator shutter control is manual. Airplane has armoured oil radiator shutters which should be closed at the beginning of ground attack to reduce a possibility of combat damage. After finishing the attack, it is necessary to re-open the shutters to the required position.
• Airplane has only the pitch flight-control trimmer.
• Landing flaps have a pneumatic actuator. Flaps can be extended fully or to takeoff position - 17°, gradual extending is impossible. Due to the weak force of the actuator the extended landing flaps may be pressed upwards by the airflow if the airspeed is more than 220 km/h. Remember that the flaps will not extend fully in case of high speed. In case of a high-speed landing approach the flaps may extend a few steps further right before the landing which will cause the aircraft to shoot upwards.
• Airplane has a manual tail wheel lock. Wheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance and before takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has differential pneumatic wheel brakes with shared control lever. This means that if the brake lever is held and the rudder pedal the opposite wheel brake is gradually released causing the plane to swing to one side or the other.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows the amount of remaining fuel in the front or bottom fuel tank depending on switch position. In game the fuel indicator switch changes by itself during horizontal flight by every 10 seconds. Rear fuel tank level is not indicated.
• Cockpit canopy weight is 50 kg and it has no lock in the open position, for this reason the canopy may to spontaneously close in a deep dive. Also, it is impossible to open or close canopy at high speed due to strong airflow. The canopy has no emergency release, so bail out requires the speed drop before it.
• Airplane is equipped with a joint salvo controller both for bombs and rockets, it has three release/fire modes: single launch, launch two in a salvo or launch four in a salvo.
• The mechanical gun sight "Visier Vladimirova" allows aiming rockets and guns at ground and air targets and horizontal bombing at certain speeds and altitudes.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
1925 RPM
Climb power (up to 30 minutes):
1975 RPM
Take-off power (up to 5 minutes):
2050 RPM

Optimal Temp Settings

Oil rated temp intake:
60 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
80 °C
Oil rated temp output:
80 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
100 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
205 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
452 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
5.3 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
2400 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
1086 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
100..120 km/h
Glideslope speed:
140..155 km/h
Landing speed:
95..110 km/h
Landing angle:
11.7 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 6800 m
Climb rate at sea level: 6.9 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 4.2 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 1.4 m/s

Dive speed limit: 330 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: 1936

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 6305 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 7017 kg
Standard weight: 10003 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 11333 kg
Fuel load: 1824 kg / 2400 l
Useful load: 5028 kg

Length: 18.9 m
Wingspan: 29.25 m
Wing surface: 111.5 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 5.3 h, at 205 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
24.0 s, at 165 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
35.4 s, at 165 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Climb:
260 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 3000 m, engine mode - Climb:
258 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 6000 m, engine mode - Climb:
241 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
105..117 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
92..109 km/h

Operational Features

• Engine has a single stage mechanical supercharger which does not require manual control.
• Engine mixture control is manual; it is necessary to lean the mixture if altitude is more than 1 km for optimal engine operation. Also, leaning the mixture allows a reduction in fuel consumption during flight.
• All three propellers are fixed pitch ones, so thrust can only be controlled by adjusting the engines throttle (from idle at 25%25 to maximum power at 100%25). 0 - 20%25 throttle range is used for braking the landing gear wheels. Engine modes can be determined only by watching the engine RPM gauges.
• Radiator bypass valve and engine cowls are controlled manually.
• Pedals in the cabin are equipped with adjustable load feel mechanism to reduce the pilot's work load.
• Airplane has a manually controlled horizontal stabilizer. It should be set to 0° before takeoff, to +2° during flight and to -1.5° for landing. Also, it may be used to trim the flight stick during the flight.
• The mechanical flaps control system can be controlled simultaneously with the horizontal stabilizer, these two systems can be linked or unlinked (by using flaps control buttons). It is important to note that it is possible to render the system inoperable so it would not be able to control either the stabilizer or the flaps by deviating from a standard control procedure described below.
• Before taking off, set the stabilizer to flight position +2°, engage the link and then move the stabilizer to take-off position 0° - flaps will be extended to 25°.
• When airborne, move the stabilizer back to flight position (flaps should also fully retract) and unlink these controls.
• Before landing, set the stabilizer to flight position +2°, engage the link and then move the stabilizer to landing position -1.5° - flaps will be fully extended to 40°.
• Airplane tail wheel rotates freely and does not have a lock. For this reason, it is necessary to confidently and accurately operate the rudder pedals during the takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has separate pneumatic wheel brakes. To brake left or right wheels, move their corresponding left or right engine throttle to 20%25 or less. Setting the central engine throttle to 20%25 or less will brake both wheels. Maximum braking efficiency can be achieved by moving the trottle all the way down. In the sim, you can also use the brake buttons to move left and right engine throttles to braking position.
• Airplane is equipped with a hydraulic tail wheel parking brake system.
• Airplane is equipped with two mechanical fuel float level gauges for left and right fuel tank groups, located on the left and right engine nacelles outside the cabin.
• Airplane has three mechanical oil float level gauges on each of the three engine nacelles outside the cabin.
• Cargo unload doors can be opened on the ground only.
• The left passenger door must be removed before flight for dropping paratroopers or cargo containers. Use the bomb drop button ("B" by default) to drop them.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2250 RPM, 1.15 ata
Climb power (up to 30 minutes):
2400 RPM, 1.25 ata
Take-off power (up to 1 minute):
2600 RPM, 1.42 ata

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
80 °C
Water maximum temp output:
110 °C
Oil rated temp output:
90 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
105 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
300 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
247 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
3.4 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
840 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
1020 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
140..170 km/h
Glideslope speed:
180..195 km/h
Landing speed:
125..145 km/h
Landing angle:
11 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 7000 m
Climb rate at sea level: 8 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 7 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 2.5 m/s

Dive speed limit: 650 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: March 1942

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 3930 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 4250 kg
Standard weight: 4835 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 6684 kg
Fuel load: 626 kg / 840 l
Useful load: 2754 kg

Length: 11 m
Wingspan: 13.8 m
Wing surface: 31.9 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 3.4 h, at 300 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
22.2 s, at 230 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
31.3 s, at 230 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Climb:
367 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Climb:
389 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 6000 m, engine mode - Climb:
422 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
137..176 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
123..155 km/h

Operational Features

• The engine has a two-stage mechanical supercharger with an automatic switch system that switches gears depending on altitude and engine revolutions. It can also be manually switched to first gear.
• Engine mixture control is automatic.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• Water and oil radiator shutters are controlled manually.
• Airplane has only the pitch and roll flight-control trimmers.
• Airplane has fence-type airbrakes which are located under the wing and used to slow the descent during steep dive bombing.
• Airplane has hydraulic-actuated landing flaps with three fixed positions: retracted, takeoff (25°) and landing (40°). Flap indicator lights are located on left panel near the throttle.
• Airplane is also equipped with differential ailerons which are lowered in synch with the flaps.
• Airplane has an automatically controlled horizontal stabilizer. An automatic control system adjusts the stabilizer angle depending on the extended angle of the landing flaps. The stabilizer control lamps are located near the throttle lever.
• Airplane has a manual tail wheel lock. Wheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance and before takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane have a fuel gauge which shows remaining fuel in left and right fuel tanks depending on switch position. In game the fuel indicator switch changes by itself during horizontal flight by every 10 seconds. Also, the airplane has indicator lights for full internal tanks and a low fuel warning light (160 liters) for each tank.
• It is impossible to open or close the canopy at high speed due to strong airflow. When the canopy is open, it is impossible to use rear gun because it is linked to canopy. The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• Airplane has a window in the cockpit floor which can be opened by the bomb bay door command.
• Airplane is equipped with a salvo controller, it allows the pilot to choose which bomb racks to use (central, left and right wing) and to switch the bomb salvo (single drop or all bombs on the rack).
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter.
• Aircraft is equipped with dive system. When the dive system is engaged, the plane enters a dive when the air brakes are extended and will recover from the dive either by pressing the bomb drop button or when the air brakes are retracted. The dive system controls are separate: the trimmer tab on the right elevator is controlled by the dive system while the pilot controls the trimmer tab on the left elevator. Therefore the pilot input and dive system input of the trimmers are independent, and when the dive system is in operation, there is no indication of a trimmer position change in the technochat.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2250 RPM, 1.15 ata
Climb power (up to 30 minutes):
2400 RPM, 1.25 ata
Take-off power (up to 1 minute):
2600 RPM, 1.42 ata

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
80 °C
Water maximum temp output:
110 °C
Oil rated temp output:
100 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
130 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
300 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
442 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
3.8 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
1680 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
1140 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
170..210 km/h
Glideslope speed:
210..220 km/h
Landing speed:
150..160 km/h
Landing angle:
9 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 7500 m
Climb rate at sea level: 7.0 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 5.1 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 3.4 m/s

Dive speed limit: 670 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: June 1941

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 8619 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 9458 kg
Standard weight: 12110 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 13655 kg
Fuel load: 1277 kg / 1680 l
Useful load: 5036 kg

Length: 14.3 m
Wingspan: 20.02 m
Wing surface: 52.7 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 3.8 h, at 300 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
33.0 s, at 250 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
50.5 s, at 250 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Climb:
424 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Climb:
462 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 5000 m, engine mode - Climb:
486 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
188..205 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
158..185 km/h

Operational Features

• Each engine has a two-stage mechanical supercharger with an automatic switch system that switches gears depending altitude and engine revolutions. It can also be manually switched to first gear.
• Engine mixture control is automatic.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• Propellers have a feathering system which should be activated in case of engine damage to reduce drag of the propeller in auto-rotation.
• Water and oil radiators shutters are joint with engine cowl outlet shutters and manually operated. Ground personnel may install additional fixed shutters on the intake of the oil radiators in cold weather to prevent freezing of the oil
• Airplane has trimmers for all flight-controls: pitch, roll and yaw.
• Airplane has fence-type airbrakes which are located under the wing and used to slow the descent during steep dive bombing.
• Airplane has hydraulic-actuated landing flaps with three fixed positions: retracted, takeoff (25°) and landing (50°). Flap indicator lights are located on left panel.
• Airplane has an automatically controlled horizontal stabilizer. An automatic control system adjusts the stabilizer angle depending on the extended angle of the landing flaps. The stabilizer control lamps are located near the flaps indicator lights.
• Airplane is also equipped with differential ailerons which are lowered in synch with the flaps.
• Lowering the landing gear takes a long time, for this reason it is necessary to extend the landing gear well before final landing approach.
• Airplane tail wheel rotates freely and does not have a lock. For this reason, it is necessary to confidently and accurately operate the rudder pedals during the takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane has dedicated fuel gauges for left and right fuel tank groups and there is a switch between the internal and external fuel tank group indicator. In game the fuel indicator switch changes by itself during horizontal flight every 10 seconds. Also, the airplane has low fuel warning lights (180 liters) for the internal tanks.
• Airplane is equipped with an automatic bomb salvo controller, it allows you to switch between the bomb racks to be released (internal or external) and to switch between different salvo quantities. There is also a controller for a drop delay between each bomb in the salvo.
• Aircraft is equipped with dive system. When the dive system is engaged, the plane enters a dive when the air brakes are extended or when the dive button (LCtrl + D by default) is pressed. The plane will recover from the dive either by pressing the bomb drop button or by pressing the dive button (LCtrl + D by default). The dive system will return to the neutral position of the elevator trim, while the full range of trimmer travel from the pilot’s input is preserved. Therefore the pilot input and dive system input of the trimmers are independent, and when the dive system is in operation, there is no indication of a trimmer position change in the technochat. Also, the elevator trim is automatically shifted when the stabilizer is moved to the landing position (when flaps are released to the landing position). This also shifts the trim back to the neutral position.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2400 RPM, 1000 mm Hg
Boosted power (up to 10 minutes):
2500 RPM, 1180 mm Hg

Optimal Temp Settings

Oil rated temp intake:
65..75 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
85 °C
Cylinder head rated temp:
180..215 °C
Cylinder head maximum temp:
250 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
232 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
2.0 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
464 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
700 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
175..195 km/h
Glideslope speed:
200..210 km/h
Landing speed:
150..160 km/h
Landing angle:
13 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 10500 m
Climb rate at sea level: 20 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 16.7 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 12.5 m/s

Dive speed limit: 720 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: June 1943

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 2655 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 2929 kg
Standard weight: 3305 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 3544 kg
Fuel load: 334 kg / 464 l
Useful load: 896 kg

Length: 8.672 m
Wingspan: 9.8 m
Wing surface: 17.51 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 2.0 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
21.0 s, at 320 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
28.0 s, at 340 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Nominal:
552 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Boosted:
583 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2500 m, engine mode - Nominal:
605 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 6000 m, engine mode - Nominal:
646 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
168..185 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
147..159 km/h

Operational Features

• The engine has a boost mode. To engage it, increase the manifold pressure to 1180 mm Hg. Boost only works on 1st supercharger gear.
• Engine has a two-stage mechanical supercharger which must be manually switched at 3500m altitude.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• Oil radiator, air cooling intake and outlet shutters are manually controlled.
• Air cooling intake shutters should always be open. They should only be closed when there is a possibility of engine overcooling, for example in a dive with idle throttle.
• Aircraft is equipped with elevator and rudder trimmers.
• Airplane has automatic wing slats. They deploy when the high angle of attack increases which makes pre-stall softer.
• Landing flaps have a hydraulic actuator and they can be extended to any angle up to 60°.
• Airplane tail wheel rotates freely and does not have a lock. For this reason, it is necessary to confidently and accurately operate the rudder pedals during the takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has differential pneumatic wheel brakes with shared control lever. This means that if the brake lever is held and the rudder pedal the opposite wheel brake is gradually released causing the plane to swing to one side or the other.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows total remaining fuel.
• Also, it is impossible to open or close canopy at high speed due to strong airflow. The canopy has no emergency release, so bail out requires the speed drop before it.
• The control system for the bomb rack only allows to drop bombs one by one.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2400 RPM, 950 mm Hg
Boosted power (up to 5 minutes):
2400 RPM, 1140 mm Hg

Optimal Temp Settings

Oil rated temp output:
55..90 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
125 °C
Cylinder head rated temp:
140..210 °C
Cylinder head maximum temp:
215 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
274 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
1.9 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
521 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
665 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
170..200 km/h
Glideslope speed:
200..210 km/h
Landing speed:
150..160 km/h
Landing angle:
13 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 9500 m
Climb rate at sea level: 18 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 13.3 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 8.2 m/s

Dive speed limit: 720 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: September 1942

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 2648 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 2928 kg
Standard weight: 3353 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 3593 kg
Fuel load: 370 kg / 521 l
Useful load: 945 kg

Length: 8.672 m
Wingspan: 9.8 m
Wing surface: 17.51 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 1.9 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
23.4 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
35.3 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Boosted:
544 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 3000 m, engine mode - Nominal:
571 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 6500 m, engine mode - Nominal:
603 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
165..183 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
147..162 km/h

Operational Features

• The engine has a boost mode. To set boost mode it is necessary to push the boost knob and increase manifold pressure to 1140 mm Hg.
• The boost control is effectively a limiter. It limits the pressure to 950 mm Hg in normal mode and to 1140 mm Hg in the boost mode.
• Engine has a two-stage mechanical supercharger which must be manually switched at 3500m altitude.
• Engine mixture control is automatic when the mixture lever is set to maximum. It is possible to manually lean the mixture by moving the mixture control to less than maximum. This also reduces fuel consumption during flight.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• Oil radiator, air cooling intake and outlet shutters are manually controlled.
• Air cooling intake shutters should always be open. They should only be closed when there is a possibility of engine overcooling, for example in a dive with idle throttle.
• Airplane has trimmers for all flight-controls: pitch, roll and yaw.
• Airplane has automatic wing slats. They deploy when the high angle of attack increases which makes pre-stall softer.
• Landing flaps have a hydraulic actuator and they can be extended to any angle up to 60°.
• Airplane tail wheel rotates freely and does not have a lock. For this reason, it is necessary to confidently and accurately operate the rudder pedals during the takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has differential pneumatic wheel brakes with shared control lever. This means that if the brake lever is held and the rudder pedal the opposite wheel brake is gradually released causing the plane to swing to one side or the other.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows total remaining fuel.
• Cockpit canopy has a weak lock when in the opened position, for this reason the canopy may spontaneously close in a deep dive. Also, it is impossible to open or close canopy at high speed due to strong airflow. The canopy has no emergency release, so bail out requires the speed drop before it.
• The control system for the bomb rack only allows to drop bombs one by one.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2700 RPM, 1050 mm Hg

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
90..100 °C
Water maximum temp output:
110 °C
Oil rated temp output:
90..100 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
115 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
212 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
2.2 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
467 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
770 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
165..200 km/h
Glideslope speed:
200..210 km/h
Landing speed:
140..160 km/h
Landing angle:
12.8 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 10500 m
Climb rate at sea level: 14.9 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 13.3 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 8 m/s

Dive speed limit: 750 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: May 1942

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 2620 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 2773 kg
Standard weight: 3157 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 3701 kg
Fuel load: 348 kg / 467 l
Useful load: 1081 kg

Length: 8.84 m
Wingspan: 9.8 m
Wing surface: 17.51 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 2.2 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
22.2 s, at 280 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
28.9 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Nominal:
505 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Nominal:
548 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 4000 m, engine mode - Nominal:
573 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
163..189 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
138..168 km/h

Operational Features

• Engine has a two-stage mechanical supercharger which must be manually switched at 2500m altitude.
• Engine mixture control is manual; it is necessary to lean the mixture if altitude is more than 3-4 km for optimal engine operation. Also, leaning the mixture allows a reduction in fuel consumption during flight.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• Water and oil radiator shutters are controlled manually.
• Airplane has trimmers for all flight-controls: pitch, roll and yaw.
• Landing flaps have a hydraulic actuator and they can be extended to any angle up to 60°.
• Airplane tail wheel rotates freely and does not have a lock. For this reason, it is necessary to confidently and accurately operate the rudder pedals during the takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has differential pneumatic wheel brakes with shared control lever. This means that if the brake lever is held and the rudder pedal the opposite wheel brake is gradually released causing the plane to swing to one side or the other.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows total remaining fuel.
• Cockpit canopy has a weak lock when in the opened position, for this reason the canopy may spontaneously close in a deep dive. It is impossible to open or close the canopy at high speed due to strong airflow. The canopy has no emergency release, so bail out requires the speed drop before it.
• The control system for the bomb rack only allows to drop bombs one by one.
• When rockets are installed there is a salvo controller, it has three launch modes: single fire, fire two in a salvo or fire four in a salvo.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2200 RPM, 1.23 ata
Combat power (up to 5 minutes):
2400 RPM, 1.35 ata
Boosted power (up to 1 minute):
2500 RPM, 1.45 ata

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp intake:
70..80 °C
Water rated temp output:
94 °C
Water maximum temp output:
100 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
60..75 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
85 °C
Oil rated temp output:
90..100 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
110 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
195 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
2.2 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
430 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
770 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
160..190 km/h
Glideslope speed:
190..200 km/h
Landing speed:
140..150 km/h
Landing angle:
13.9 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 11300 m
Climb rate at sea level: 17.3 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 15.1 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 10.6 m/s

Dive speed limit: 850 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: June 1942

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 2448 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 2622 kg
Standard weight: 2967 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 3197 kg
Fuel load: 307 kg / 430 l
Useful load: 749 kg

Length: 8.85 m
Wingspan: 10.58 m
Wing surface: 16.8 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 2.2 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
22.6 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
28.2 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat:
500 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Combat:
543 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 5000 m, engine mode - Combat:
604 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
151..166 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
139..152 km/h

Operational Features

• Throttle lever is inverted: backward = full throttle, forward = idle throttle.
• Engine is equipped with automatic mixture control system and supercharger with fluid coupling which does not require manual control.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor with two fixed modes: 2200 RPM normal mode, 2400 RPM boosted mode. Also, it is possible to turn off the governor and control the propeller pitch manually by mechanical actuator.
• Water and oil radiator shutters are controlled manually.
• Airplane has no flight-control trimmers. Airplane is equipped with bendable trim tabs that can be set pre-flight by ground personnel.
• Airplane has asymmetric half-wings for roll-compensation: the left one is 20 cm longer than right one.
• Airplane has a manually controlled horizontal stabilizer. It should be set to neutral before takeoff and landing. Also, it may be used to trim the flight stick during the flight. In a deep dive the stabilizer should be set so that the pilot must push the flight stick forward to maintain the dive angle.
• Landing flaps have a hydraulic actuator and they can be extended to any angle up to 45°. The flap system includes a "pneumatic spring" which allows flaps to be pressed upwards by airflow at airspeed more than 200 km/h.
• Airplane has a manual tail wheel lock. Wheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance and before takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has differential pneumatic wheel brakes with shared control lever. This means that if the brake lever is held and the rudder pedal the opposite wheel brake is gradually released causing the plane to swing to one side or the other.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which indicates only the front fuel tank level.
• The design of the cockpit canopy does not allow it to be opened during flight. The canopy should be closed before takeoff to prevent damage. The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• The control system for the bomb rack only allows to drop bombs one by one.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter. There is also a back-up folding mechanical sight which can be used if main sight is damaged.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
8400 RPM
Maximal (15 minutes):
8700 RPM

Optimal Temp Settings

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
475 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
1117 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
2.3 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
2570 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
1092 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
200..220 km/h
Glideslope speed:
250 km/h
Landing speed:
165..185 km/h
Landing angle:
12.3°

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 12000 m
Climb rate at sea level: 19.3 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 9.7 m/s
Climb rate at 9000 m: 5.4 m/s

Debut

Combat debut: Summer 1944

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 4146 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 4737 kg
Standard weight: 6400 kg
Weight with full tanks: 6900 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 7100 kg
Fuel load: 2161 kg / 2570 l
Useful load: 700 kg

Length: 10.6 m
Wingspan: 12.6 m
Wing surface: 20.4 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 6000 m: 2 h 20 m, at 475 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
32..35 s, at 450 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 6000 m:
43..48 s, at 380 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Nominal, 8400 RPM:
759 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 6000 m, engine mode - Nominal, 8400 RPM:
780 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 9000 m, engine mode - Nominal, 8400 RPM:
739 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Maximal, 8700 RPM:
837 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 6000 m, engine mode - Maximal, 8700 RPM:
871 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 9000 m, engine mode - Maximal, 8700 RPM:
838 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
165..200 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
139..154 km/h

Operational Features

• The aircraft is equipped with two turbojet engines Jumo-004 B1. They are controlled automatically by the throttle which sets the turbine rotor RPM.
• The engine is equipped with automatic fuel regulator that engaged only at more than 6000 RPM. Therefore, the fuel regulation at lower RPM wasn\'t effective and a careless throttle increase could cause excessive fuel intake, resulting in overheating and possible engine fire.
• At high altitudes it is possible to lean the mixture too much by a sharp throttle decrease, causing a flameout and engine stop. The turbine shouldn\'t be set below 6000-8000 RPM depending on the altitude.
• It is impossible to restart the engine at high altitudes (more than 4000 m).
• The aircraft is equipped with horizontal stabilizer and rudder trim to reduce the load on controls.
• The aircraft is susceptible to Mach tuck when diving at 0.84 M or higher speed.
• Landing flaps have a hydraulic actuator and they can be extended to any angle up to 55°. The hydraulic valve controlling the flaps can\'t be turned during the landing gear operation (lowering or retracting).
• Landing gear brakes are hydraulic as well and are engaged by pushing a corresponding pedal. The nose gear orients by itself (up to 50° in either direction), has a rotation dampener and dedicated brake handle. The aircraft tends to rotate during a breakaway unless the nose wheel is set forward.
• There are two main (900 l each) and two secondary fuel tanks (600 and 170 l). The fuel transfer from secondary to main tanks using the electric fuel pump is initiated by the pilot when the fuel level in main tanks drops lower than 600 l. The main tanks have fuel level indicators and emergency fuel lamps (they light up when there are less than 250 l left).

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2050 RPM, 1040 mm Hg
Boosted power (up to 10 minutes):
2050 RPM, 1240 mm Hg

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
80..110 °C
Water maximum temp output:
120 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
40..80 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
85 °C
Oil rated temp output:
115 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
120 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
192 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
2.5 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
480 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
875 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
180..200 km/h
Glideslope speed:
195..205 km/h
Landing speed:
135..145 km/h
Landing angle:
15 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 11800 m
Climb rate at sea level: 15.9 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 14.0 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 10.2 m/s

Dive speed limit: 750 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: July 1941

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 2650 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 2831 kg
Standard weight: 3244 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 3476 kg
Fuel load: 352 kg / 480 l
Useful load: 826 kg

Length: 8.255 m
Wingspan: 10.2 m
Wing surface: 17.44 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 2.5 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
22.4 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
28.7 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Boosted:
525 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Nominal:
493 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 7600 m, engine mode - Nominal:
626 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
159..175 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
134..147 km/h

Operational Features

• Engine has a boost mode which is engaged by setting mixture control lever to maximum position.
• Engine has a single stage mechanical supercharger which does not require manual control.
• Engine mixture control is automatic when the mixture lever is set to the intermediate (50%25) position. It is possible to manually lean the mixture by moving the control lever to less than 50%25. This will lower fuel consumption during flight.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• Water and oil radiator shutters are controlled manually.
• Airplane has only pitch and yaw flight-control trimmers.
• Airplane has automatic wing slats. They deploy when the high angle of attack increases which makes pre-stall softer.
• Landing flaps have a limiter for the maximum angle. The flaps have an extended range from 0° to 50°. The landing flaps have pneumatic actuator. Flaps can only be instantly extended to the angle which is set by limiter, gradual extending is impossible. Due to weak force of the actuator the extended landing flaps may retract upward by the airflow when the airspeed is more than 220 km/h. For this reason, it is necessary to remember that flaps will not extend fully in case of high speed. In case of a high-speed landing approach the flaps may extend a few steps right before landing.
• Airplane has a tailwheel control system which is unlocked and made controllable by the rudder if the rudder pedal is pressed more than for 40%25 of its range. The tailwheel remans locked if pedals are deflected less than 40%25. Because of this, it is necessary to avoid large rudder pedal inputs when moving at high speed, or be ready to control the airplane with an unlocked tailwheel should large rudder inputs be made.
• Airplane has differential pneumatic wheel brakes with shared control lever. This means that if the brake lever is held and the rudder pedal the opposite wheel brake is gradually released causing the plane to swing to one side or the other.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows total remaining fuel.
• It is impossible to open or close the canopy at high speed due to strong airflow. The canopy has no emergency release, so bail out requires the speed drop before it.
• When bombs are installed there is a salvo controller, it has two release modes: single drop or drop two in a salvo.
• When rockets are installed there is a salvo controller, it has three launch modes: single fire, fire two in a salvo or fire four in a salvo.

Optimal Engine Settings

Cruise (unlimited time):
2600 RPM, 44 inch Hg
Combat power (up to 15 minutes):
3000 RPM, 54 inch Hg
WEP (up to 5 minutes):
3000 RPM, 60 inch Hg

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
85 °C
Water maximum temp output:
105 °C
Oil rated temp output:
105 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
115 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
271 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
5.8 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
1575 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
2030 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
160..175 km/h (100..110 mph)
Glideslope speed:
185..210 km/h (115..130 mph)
Landing speed:
150..175 km/h (95..110 mph)
Landing angle:
7.0 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 12350 m (40500 feet)

Dive speed limit: 725 km/h (450 mph)

Debut

Combat debut: 1944

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 6356 kg (14013 lb)
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 6662 kg (14687 lb)
Standard weight: 7890 kg (17395 lb)
Maximum takeoff weight: 10113 kg (22295 lb)
Fuel load: 1132 kg (2496 lb) / 1575 l (416 gal)
Useful load: 3757 kg (8282 lb)

Length: 10.89 m (35.73 feet)
Wingspan: 15.85 m (52 feet)
Wing surface: 30.4 m² (327 feet²)

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m (9843 feet): 5.8 h, at 350 km/h (217 mph) IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
20.0 s, at 310 km/h (195 mph) IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m (9843 feet):
28.3 s, at 320 km/h (200 mph) IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - WEP:
557 km/h (346 mph)
Maximum true air speed at 7860 m (25800 feet), engine mode - WEP:
674 km/h (419 mph)
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat:
540 km/h (336 mph)
Maximum true air speed at 8500 m (27890 feet), engine mode - Combat:
670 km/h (416 mph)

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
179..220 km/h (111..137 mph)
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
149..185 km/h (93..115 mph)

Operational Features

• In addition to the automatic single-stage supercharger, each engine is equipped with the automatic turbo-supercharger.
• The turbo-supercharger is powered by the engine exhaust backpressure and is regulated automatically by the pilot throttle control in the cockpit using the shutters on the exhaust pipes.
• It should be noted that turbocharger RPM changes relatively slowly and not immediately after a control lever adjustment. For instance, during takeoff it's necessary to keep the brakes pressed for several seconds after moving the throttle to takeoff position and begin the run only when the turbocharger RPM increases sufficiently to reach 54 inches of pressure.
• The automatic fuel mixture control maintains optimal mixture if mixture lever is set to Auto Rich (70%25) position. To use automatic mixture leaning to reduce the fuel consumption during flight set the mixture lever to Auto Lean (30%25) position. In a case of malfunction of the automatic mixture control, the mixture lever should be set to Full Rich (move the lever completely forward) position. To stop the engine, set it to the Idle Cut Off (0%25) position.
• The automatic engine governor keeps the set engine RPM by adjusting the propeller pitch using an electric actuator (it is possible to turn it off and control the propeller pitch manually). The propellers can be feathered.
• The aircraft has pitch and yaw flight-control trimmers.
• Landing flaps have a hydraulic actuator and can be extended to any angle up to 40°. There is also a fixed "maneuver" flaps position that can be set by a short flaps button press ("F" by default).
• The aircraft is equipped with hydraulic aileron actuators, making their operation and good roll performance at high speeds possible. The actuators are turned on using a special valve on the left side of the cockpit and require at least 1200 psi pressure in the hydraulic system, so they should be turned off if there is only one engine running. In the sim, they are turned on and off automatically.
• The aircraft has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• The aircraft is equipped with a parking brake system.
• The landing gear indicator lamp lights up if the landing gear is neither extended nor retracted. The extension of the nose wheel can also be checked by its reflection in the mirrors on the inner sides of the engine nacelles and by the pressure drop in the hydraulic system during the landing gear operation.
• There are signal lamps warning about the low fuel level in the outer wing tanks (the primary fuel source) and separate fuel indicators for the left and right fuel tank pairs.
• The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• The windows on the sides of the canopy can be lowered during flight, but this can cause the excessive shaking of the plane.
• The electric bomb controller allows dropping the bombs one by one from the left and right racks or by pairs.
• The unguided rockets are launched using the electric controller which allows single, pair, triple and salvo (all rockets at 0.1 seconds interval) launch. The rocket containers are jettisonable.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2600 RPM, 37.2 inch Hg
Military power (up to 15 minutes):
3000 RPM, 42 inch Hg
Take-off power (up to 5 minutes):
3000 RPM, 51 inch Hg
Maximum Possible power (up to 2 minutes):
3000 RPM, 60 inch Hg

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
105..115 °C
Water maximum temp output:
125 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
60..80 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
95 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
283 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
1.6 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
454 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
560 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
150..180 km/h
Glideslope speed:
180..210 km/h
Landing speed:
155..160 km/h
Landing angle:
17.0 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 9300 m
Climb rate at sea level: 16.7 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 13.5 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 7.2 m/s

Dive speed limit: 841 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: late 1942

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 2929 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 3331 kg
Standart weight: 3508 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 3868 kg
Fuel load: 326,9 kg / 454 l
Useful load: 939 kg

Length: 9.2 m
Wingspan: 10.4 m
Wing surface: 19.82 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 1.6 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
21.5 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
30.3 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Take-off:
539 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2850 m, engine mode - Take-off:
600 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 4600 m, engine mode - Military:
596 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
160..172 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
140..151 km/h

Operational Features

• There is War Emergency power mode. To engage it, move the throttle to max forward position and set the mxiture control to Full Rich (move it 90%25 forward to engage the Take-Off mode).
• Engine has a single stage mechanical supercharger which does not require manual control.
• Engine is equipped with an automatic fuel mixture control which maintains optimal mixture if mixture lever is set to Auto Rich (66%25) position. To use automatic mixture leaning to reduce fuel consumption during flight it is necessary to set mixture lever to Auto Lean (33%25) position. To stop the engine mixture lever should be set to the Cut Off (0%25) position. Full Rich positon is used during take-off, in case of emergency or automatic mixture system malfunction.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM. Also it is possible to turn off the governor and control propeller pitch manually.
• Water and oil temperatures are controlled manually by adjusting the outlet engine radiator shutters.
• Airplane has trimmers for all flight-controls: pitch, roll and yaw.
• Airplane has electrically-actuated landing flaps and they can be extended to any angle up to 43°.
• The nose gear orients by itself, doesn't have brakes and can't be controlled. Its maximum turn angle is 60° left or right.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane is equipped with a parking brake system.
• Airplane has two fuel gauges which shows the level in each group of fuel tank.
• Although there are two cockpit doors equipped with window lifters, usually only the right one is used. They can't be opened during flight, but can be jettisoned to bail out.
• Airplane is equipped with mechanical releasing system for a single bomb.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter. There is also a back-up mechanical sight which can be used if main sight is damaged.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2600 RPM, 37.2 inch Hg
Combat power (up to 5 minutes):
3000 RPM, 42 inch Hg
Take-off power (up to 2 minutes):
3000 RPM, 45.5 inch Hg
Maximum Possible power (prohibited by flight manual):
3000 RPM, 56.0 inch Hg

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
105..115 °C
Water maximum temp output:
125 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
70..85 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
90 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
200 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
2.8 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
561 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
979 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
160..190 km/h
Glideslope speed:
210..220 km/h
Landing speed:
140..145 km/h
Landing angle:
13.9 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 9200 m
Climb rate at sea level: 12.5 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 10 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 3.7 m/s

Dive speed limit: 860 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: December 1941

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 3073 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 3264.2 kg
Standart weight: 3819.1 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 4414 kg
Fuel load: 404 kg / 561 l
Useful load: 1341 kg

Length: 9.05 m
Wingspan: 11.4 m
Wing surface: 21.92 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 2.8 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
24.3 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
36.1 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Take-off:
494 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 5000 m, engine mode - Take-off:
601 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
153..176 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
141..164 km/h

Operational Features

• Engine has no manifold pressure automatic governor. For this reason, manifold pressure not only depends on throttle position, but also from RPM and altitude. This requires additional checking of manifold pressure to not cause engine damage.
• Engine has a single stage mechanical supercharger which does not require manual control.
• Engine is equipped with an automatic fuel mixture control which maintains optimal mixture if mixture lever is set to Auto Rich (66%25) position. To use automatic mixture leaning to reduce fuel consumption during flight it is necessary to set mixture lever to Auto Lean (33%25) position. In the case of mulfunction of the automatic mixture control the mixture lever should be set to Full Rich (100%25) position. To stop the engine mixture lever should be set to the Cut Off (0%25) position.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM. Also it is possible to turn off the governor and control propeller pitch manually.
• Water and oil radiators shutters are joint with engine cowl outlet shutters and manually operated.
• Airplane has a very small stability margin in yaw. When angle of side slip is more than 12° plane becomes unstable in yaw and starts to increase the side slip angle by itself. Because of this, it is necessary to accurately operate the rudder pedals and pay attention to the side slip indicator.
• Airplane has trimmers for all flight-controls: pitch, roll and yaw.
• Landing flaps have a hydraulic actuator and they can be extended to any angle up to 45°.
• Airplane has a tailwheel control system which is unlocked by the rudder if the rudder pedal is pressed more than half of its range. The tailwheel remains locked if pedals are deflected less than half way. Because of this, it is necessary to avoid large rudder pedal inputs when moving at high speed.
• Airplane has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• Airplane is equipped with a parking brake system.
• Airplane has three fuel gauges which shows the level in each fuel tank.
• It is impossible to open or close the canopy at high speed due to strong airflow. The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• Airplane is equipped with mechanical releasing system for a single bomb.
• When rockets are installed there is a salvo controller, it has three launch modes: single fire, fire two in a salvo or fire four in a salvo.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter. There is also a back-up mechanical sight which can be used if main sight is damaged.

Optimal Engine Settings

Cruise (unlimited time):
2550 RPM, 42.0 inch Hg
Combat power (up to 15 minutes):
2700 RPM, 52 inch Hg
WEP (up to 5 minutes):
2700 RPM, 64.0 inch Hg

Optimal Temp Settings

Oil rated temp intake:
60..95 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
100 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
585 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
2.4 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
1404 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
840 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
185..200 km/h (115..125 mph)
Glideslope speed:
185..210 km/h (115..130 mph)
Landing speed:
175..195 km/h (110..120 mph)
Landing angle:
11.9 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 11580 m (38000 feet)

Dive speed limit: 805 km/h (500 mph)

Debut

Combat debut: 1944

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 4755 kg (10483 lb)
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel, 4 MG removed): 5163.9 kg (11385 lb)
Standard weight: 6503 kg (14337 lb)
Maximum takeoff weight: 8163.1 kg (17996 lb)
Fuel load: 1006 kg (3095 lb) / 1404 l (370 gal)
Useful load: 3408.1 kg (7514 lb)

Length: 11.00 m (36.09 feet)
Wingspan: 12.43 m (40.78 feet)
Wing surface: 27.87 m² (300 feet²)

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m (9843 feet): 2.4 h, at 350 km/h (217 mph) IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
27.5 s, at 322 km/h (200 mph) IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m (9843 feet):
31.0 s, at 330 km/h (205 mph) IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - WEP:
557 km/h (346 mph)
Maximum true air speed at 7000 m (22960 feet), engine mode - WEP:
700 km/h (435 mph)
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat:
502 km/h (312 mph)
Maximum true air speed at 9000 m (29530 feet), engine mode - Combat:
656 km/h (407 mph)
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Cruise:
467 km/h (290 mph)
Maximum true air speed at 10000 m (32800 feet), engine mode - Cruise:
619 km/h (388 mph)

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
178..222 km/h (111..138 mph)
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
139..171 km/h (86..106 mph)

Operational Features

• In addition to the automatic single stage supercharger, the engine is equipped with a turbocharger that the pilot can control.
• The turbocharger is powered by the engine exhaust back pressure which can be set by a lever in the cockpit and maintained automatically using the throttle shutters on the exhaust pipes.
• The air compressed in the turbocharger goes to the intercooler where it is cooled by the incoming airflow. The cool compressed air goes to the carburetor and the resulting fuel-air mixture goes to the supercharger.
• The temperature of the air after the intercooler is indicated by a separate gauge. The pilot can control the intercooler flaps using the toggle switch and observe their position using the indicator on the left. Their default position is neutral (50%25).
• The turbocharger RPM is controlled by the lever in the cockpit ("T" and "+"/"-" keys by default). At the back lever position the throttle shutters are fully open and exhaust gases all go to the atmosphere, resulting in minimal turbocharger RPM. At the forward lever position, the exhaust back pressure and the resulting turbocharger RPM are at maximum. It should be noted that the RPM will change with the altitude even if the lever is kept in the same position. The turbocharger RPM is indicated by a dedicated gauge; in addition, the signal lamp will light up if the maximum RPM limit is exceeded.
• The total engine power should be controlled using the joint method when the three levers - RPM lever, throttle lever and turbocharger lever are moved together. However, in certain cases (for instance, when going higher than the critical altitude) the turbocharger lever should be adjusted separately.
• It should be noted that turbocharger RPM changes relatively slowly and not immediately after the control lever adjustment.
• The aircraft is equipped with the water injection system that boosts the power in the emergency mode. When this system is engaged, the exhaust back pressure and turbocharger RPM increase automatically while the mixture becomes leaner. The water supply is good for around 15 minutes at the emergency power.
• The engine is equipped with an automatic fuel mixture control which maintains optimal mixture if the mixture lever is set to Auto Rich (85%25) position. To use automatic mixture leaning to reduce fuel consumption during flight it is necessary to set the mixture lever to Auto Lean (60%25) position. In the case of malfunction of the automatic mixture control the mixture lever should be set to Full Rich (100%25) position. To stop the engine mixture lever should be set to the Cut Off (0%25) position.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM. Also, it is possible to turn off the governor and control propeller pitch manually.
• Oil radiators shutters are manually operated.
• The aircraft has trimmers for all flight-controls: pitch, roll and yaw.
• Landing flaps have a hydraulic actuator and they can be extended to any angle up to 40°.
• It is forbidden to open the cowl flaps at speeds exceeding 225 mph, perform sharp maneuvers with the opened cowl shutters and dive with the opened intercooler shutters.
• The aircraft has a manual control for the tailwheel lock. The tailwheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance and before takeoff and landing.
• The aircraft has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• The aircraft is equipped with a parking brake system.
• The signal lamp lights up when the landing gear is up and the throttle is in the backward position or when the landing gear is down, but the throttle is in the forward position.
• It should be noted that the aircraft requires a long takeoff run - around 650 meters at standard load and 1500 meters at maximum takeoff weight. It is possible to lower the flaps to 10-20 degrees to shorten the takeoff run. 
• The aircraft is equipped with one fuel gauge, but two indicator needles for the forward and rear fuel tanks.
• The engine consumes much fuel at the combat power mode - around 4.5 gallons per minute.
• The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• The aircraft is equipped with the manual bomb release system for each of the three bomb racks.
• The unguided rockets are launched using the electric controller which allows single, pair, triple and salvo (all rockets at 0.1 seconds interval) launch.
• There is a backup mechanical sight which can be used if the main sight is damaged.
• The gyroscopic gunsight automatically calculates required angular deflection while firing at a target. It has 3 modes: fixed reticle, fixed and gyro reticle, gyro reticle. The angular deflection will be calculated correctly only if the target range is set properly. To set the range, adjust the target base first using separate controls and then set the range by adjusting the size of the range-finding reticle to be the same as the target size.

Optimal Engine Settings

Cruise (unlimited time):
2700 RPM, 46 inch Hg
Combat power (up to 15 minutes):
3000 RPM, 61 inch Hg
WEP (up to 5 minutes):
3000 RPM, 67 inch Hg
WEP with 150 grade fuel (up to 5 minutes):
3000 RPM, 75 inch Hg

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
100..110 °C
Water maximum temp output:
121 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
80 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
90 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
237 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
4.3 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
1020 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
1505 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
185..200 km/h (115..125 mph)
Glideslope speed:
185..210 km/h (115..130 mph)
Landing speed:
175..195 km/h (110..120 mph)
Landing angle:
12.9 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 12680 m (41600 feet)

Dive speed limit: 812 km/h (505 mph)

Debut

Combat debut: 1944

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 3433 kg (7568 lb)
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel, 2 MG removed): 3629.5 kg (8002 lb)
Standard weight: 4578.6 kg (10093 lb)
Maximum takeoff weight: 5667 kg (12493 lb)
Fuel load: 732 kg (1614 lb) / 1020 l (269 gal)
Useful load: 2234 kg (4925 lb)

Length: 9.84 m (32 3-5/16 feet)
Wingspan: 11.29 m (37 5/16 feet)
Wing surface: 22.30 m² (240 feet²)

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m (9843 feet): 4.3 h, at 350 km/h (217 mph) IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
20.0 s, at 290 km/h (180 mph) IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m (9843 feet):
29.5 s, at 295 km/h (183 mph) IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - WEP:
592 km/h (368 mph)
Maximum true air speed at 8000 m (26250 feet), engine mode - WEP:
717 km/h (446 mph)
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - WEP, with 150 grade fuel:
607 km/h (377 mph)
Maximum true air speed at 7000 m (22960 feet), engine mode - WEP, with 150 grade fuel:
718 km/h (446 mph)
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat:
578 km/h (359 mph)
Maximum true air speed at 8500 m (28000 feet), engine mode - Combat:
711 km/h (442 mph)
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Cruise:
513 km/h (319 mph)
Maximum true air speed at 8500 m (28000 feet), engine mode - Cruise:
646 km/h (401 mph)

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
159..196 km/h (99..122 mph)
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
147..181 km/h (91..112 mph)

Operational Features

• COMBAT, AEROBATIC MANEUVERS AND INSTRUMENT FLYING ARE FORBIDDEN AT FULL FUEL RESERVE! The aircraft is unstable with full rear fuel tank. This limit is lifted when there is no more than 20 gallons (around 75%25 fuel left) in the rear tank. This tank is completely empty at 68%25 total fuel level.
• It is possible to reach dangerously high Mach numbers in a dive: the aircraft starts to shake and the loss of control is possible. Reduce the throttle and gently return to a horizontal flight.
• Engine is equipped with the automatic governor of the manifold pressure that works when the throttle is set to 1/3 position or above.
• Engine has a two stage mechanical supercharger which does not require manual control. It can be switched to the low gear manually.
• The engine is equipped with an automatic fuel mixture control which maintains optimal mixture if the mixture lever is set to RUN (70%25) position. In the case of malfunction of the automatic mixture control the mixture lever should be set to Full Rich (100%25) position. To stop the engine mixture lever should be set to the Cut Off (0%25) position.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor that controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• The water and oil radiators shutters are operated automatically, but there is a manual mode.
• The aircraft has trimmers for all flight-controls: pitch, roll and yaw.
• Landing flaps have a hydraulic actuator and can be extended to 10°, 20°, 30°, 40° or 50°.
• Each tank has a dedicated fuel level indicator: wing tank inidicators are located on the cockpit floor and the rear tank indicator is behind the pilot seat on the left.
• The tail wheel rotates freely, but moving the control stick back locks it so it rotates by the pedals input.
• The aircraft has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• The aircraft is equipped with a parking brake system.
• The signal lamp lights up when the landing gear is up and the throttle is in the backward position or when the landing gear is down, but the throttle is in the forward position.
• Airplane is equipped with a siren that warns a pilot if the throttle is set to low position with landing gear retracted.
• It is impossible to open the canopy at high speeds because of the ram air, but there is an emergency jettison handle for bailing out.
• The aircraft is equipped with formation lights.
• The unguided rockets are launched using the electric controller which allows single, pair, triple and salvo (all rockets at 0.1 seconds interval) launch.
• The gyroscopic gunsight automatically calculates required angular deflection while firing at a target. It has 3 modes: fixed reticle, fixed and gyro reticle, gyro reticle. The angular deflection will be calculated correctly only if the target range is set properly. To set the range, adjust the target base first using separate controls and then set the range by adjusting the size of the range-finding reticle to be the same as the target size.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2700 RPM, 910 mm Hg

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
70..85 °C
Water maximum temp output:
100 °C
Oil rated temp output:
90..100 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
110 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
300 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
406 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
3.7 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
1505 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
1110 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
160..200 km/h
Glideslope speed:
220..240 km/h
Landing speed:
155..165 km/h
Landing angle:
12.5 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 9100 m
Climb rate at sea level: 9.3 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 8.4 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 5.6 m/s

Dive speed limit: 790 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: July 1941

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 6078 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 6640 kg
Standard weight: 7697 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 8712 kg
Fuel load: 1129 kg / 1505 l
Useful load: 2634 kg

Length: 12.69 m
Wingspan: 17.12 m
Wing surface: 40.8 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 3.7 h, at 300 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
30.5 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
39.9 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Nominal:
434 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Nominal:
476 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 5000 m, engine mode - Nominal:
521 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
175..200 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
148..169 km/h

Operational Features

• Engine has a two-stage mechanical supercharger which must be manually switched at 2700m altitude.
• Engine mixture control is manual; it is necessary to lean the mixture if altitude is more than 3-4 km for optimal engine operation. Also, leaning the mixture allows a reduction in fuel consumption during flight.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM. The governor is electrically actuated and takes a long time to reach the required revolutions, up to 45 seconds when going from minimum to maximum.
• Water and oil radiator shutters are controlled manually.
• Airplane has trimmers for all flight-controls: pitch, roll and yaw.
• Airplane has fence-type airbrakes which are located under the wing and used to slow the descent during steep dive bombing.
• Landing flaps have electro-hydraulic actuator and they can be extended to any angle up to 50°. When landing and the flaps are fully extended the angle of attack for a stall is less than landing pitch angle. For this reason, it is prohibited to extend flaps to more than to 35° (70%25) on landing.
• Airplane has an automatically controlled horizontal stabilizer. An automatic control system adjusts the stabilizer angle depending on the extended angle of the landing flaps.
• Airplane tail wheel rotates freely and does not have a lock. For this reason, it is necessary to confidently and accurately operate the rudder pedals during the takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has differential pneumatic wheel brakes with shared control lever. This means that if the brake lever is held and the rudder pedal the opposite wheel brake is gradually released causing the plane to swing to one side or the other.
• Airplane has three fuel gauges which shows the level in the fuselage fuel tank, left wing tanks and right wing tanks.
• The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• Airplane is equipped with a bomb salvo controller, it has four release modes: drop single, drop two in a salvo, drop four in a salvo or drop all bombs in salvo. There is also a controller for a drop delay between each bomb in the salvo.
• When rockets are installed there is a salvo controller, it has three launch modes: single fire, fire two in a salvo or fire four in a salvo. Aircraft has a fire control system that is designed for eight rockets. However, for added punch, ten rockets were typically loaded. In that case, the ninth rocket will fire with the seventh and the tenth will fire with the eighth.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2700 RPM, 1050 mm Hg

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
70..85 °C
Water maximum temp output:
100 °C
Oil rated temp output:
90..100 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
115 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
300 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
530 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
2.8 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
1484 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
840 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
160..200 km/h
Glideslope speed:
220..240 km/h
Landing speed:
155..165 km/h
Landing angle:
12.5 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 8000 m
Climb rate at sea level: 10.4 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 7.8 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 3.0 m/s

Dive speed limit: 790 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: May 1942

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 6089 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 6643 kg
Standard weight: 7685 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 8701 kg
Fuel load: 1113 kg / 1484 l
Useful load: 2612 kg

Length: 12.69 m
Wingspan: 17.12 m
Wing surface: 40.8 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 2.8 h, at 300 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
29.9 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
40.3 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Nominal:
446 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Nominal:
476 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 5000 m, engine mode - Nominal:
498 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
175..200 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
148..169 km/h

Operational Features

• Engine has a two-stage mechanical supercharger which must be manually switched at 2300m altitude.
• Engine mixture control is manual; it is necessary to lean the mixture if altitude is more than 3-4 km for optimal engine operation. Also, leaning the mixture allows a reduction in fuel consumption during flight.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• Water radiator shutter control is manual. Oil radiator shutters are fixed.
• Airplane has trimmers for all flight-controls: pitch, roll and yaw.
• Airplane has fence-type airbrakes which are located under the wing and used to slow the descent during steep dive bombing.
• Landing flaps have electro-hydraulic actuator and they can be extended to any angle up to 50°. When landing and the flaps are fully extended the angle of attack for a stall is less than landing pitch angle. For this reason, it is prohibited to extend flaps to more than to 35° (70%25) on landing.
• Airplane has an automatically controlled horizontal stabilizer. An automatic control system adjusts the stabilizer angle depending on the extended angle of the landing flaps.
• Airplane tail wheel rotates freely and does not have a lock. For this reason, it is necessary to confidently and accurately operate the rudder pedals during the takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has differential pneumatic wheel brakes with shared control lever. This means that if the brake lever is held and the rudder pedal the opposite wheel brake is gradually released causing the plane to swing to one side or the other.
• Airplane has a fuel gauge which shows total remaining fuel.
• The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• Airplane is equipped with a bomb salvo controller, it has four release modes: drop single, drop two in a salvo, drop four in a salvo or drop all bombs in salvo. There is also a controller for a drop delay between each bomb in the salvo.
• When rockets are installed there is a salvo controller, it has three launch modes: single fire, fire two in a salvo or fire four in a salvo. Aircraft has a fire control system that is designed for eight rockets. However, for added punch, ten rockets were typically loaded. In that case, the ninth rocket will fire with the seventh and the tenth will fire with the eighth.

Optimal Engine Settings

Max Cruising power (unlimited time):
2650 RPM, boost +7
International power (up to 1 hour):
2850 RPM, boost +12
Emergency Max All Out power (up to 5 minutes):
3000 RPM, boost +18

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
105..115 °C
Water maximum temp output:
135 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
90 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
105 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
227 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
1.7 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
386 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
595 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
185..195 km/h
Glideslope speed:
165..185 km/h
Landing speed:
150..155 km/h
Landing angle:
12.5 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 12500 m
Climb rate at sea level: 21.5 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 18.6 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 15.5 m/s
Service ceiling: 13000 m
Climb rate at sea level: 18.5 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 17.5 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 14.1 m/s

Dive speed limit: 725 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: June 1942

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 2530 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 2977 kg
Standard weight: 3359 kg
Fuel load: 274 kg / 386 l / 85 gallons
Maximum useful load: 1302 kg

Length: 9.65 m
Wingspan: 11.21 m
Wing surface: 22.48 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 1 h 40 m, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
17.7 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
20.5 s, at 260 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at sea level:
17.8 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
20.7 s, at 260 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, 3000 RPM, boost +18:
542 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 3350 m, 3000 RPM, boost +18:
610 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 6850 m, 3000 RPM, boost +18:
664 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, 3000 RPM, boost +18:
532 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 4900 m, 3000 RPM, boost +18:
634 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 8500 m, 3000 RPM, boost +18:
677 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
143...163 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
135...154 km/h

Operational Features

• Engine is equipped with the automatic governor of the manifold pressure that works when the throttle is set to 1/3 position or above.
• Engine has a two stage mechanical supercharger which does not require manual control. It can be switched to the low gear manually.
• Engine is equipped with an automatic fuel mixture control which maintains optimal mixture.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor that controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• The water and oil radiators shutters are operated automatically, but there is a special manual mode that forces radiator shutters to open completely.
• Aircraft has a neutral static stability. The elevator effectiveness is high, so the aircraft should be controlled carefully, not giving too much flight stick input.
• Aircraft becomes unstable with extended landing flaps.
• Aircraft is equipped with elevator and rudder trimmers.
• Landing flaps have a pneumatic actuator so they can be extended to maximum position only. Speed with extended landing flaps is limited to 140 mph.
• Airplane tail wheel rotates freely and does not have a lock. Since the landing gear wheels are relatively close to each other, it is necessary to confidently and accurately operate the rudder pedals during the takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has differential pneumatic wheel brakes with shared control lever. This means that if the brake lever is held and the rudder pedal the opposite wheel brake is gradually released causing the plane to swing to one side or the other.
• Airplane is equipped with a siren that warns a pilot if the throttle is set to low position with landing gear retracted.
• It is impossible to open or close the canopy at high speed due to strong airflow. The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• The aircraft is equipped with a bottom formation light.
• Standard gunsight is adjustable: both the target distance and target base can be set.
• The gyroscopic gunsight automaticly calculates required angular deflection while firing at a target. It has 4 modes: fixed reticle, fixed and gyro reticle, gyro reticle, gyro reticle with the target range fixed at 150 yards (night mode). The angular deflection will be calculated correctly only if the target range is set properly. To set the range, adjust the target base first using separate controls and then set the range by adjusting the size of the rangefiding reticle to be the same as the target size.
• Both gunsights have sliding sun-filters.

Optimal Engine Settings

Max Cruising power (unlimited time):
2650 RPM, boost +7
International power (up to 30 minutes):
2850 RPM, boost +9
Emergency Max All Out power (up to 3 minutes):
3000 RPM, boost +16

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
105..115 °C
Water maximum temp output:
125 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
70..85 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
105 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
214 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
1.8 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
386 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
630 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
160..170 km/h
Glideslope speed:
145..160 km/h
Landing speed:
130..135 km/h
Landing angle:
12.5 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 12000 m
Climb rate at sea level: 12.9 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 13.1 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 12.0 m/s
Service ceiling: 11200 m
Climb rate at sea level: 14.5 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 14.7 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 11.4 m/s

Dive speed limit: 725 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: Winter 1941

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 2415 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 2732 kg
Standard weight: 2979 kg
Fuel load: 274 kg / 386 l / 85 gallons
Useful load: 564 kg

Length: 9.2 m
Wingspan: 11.21 m
Wing surface: 22.48 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 1 h 45 m, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
25 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
30 s, at 260 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at sea level:
22 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
28.2 s, at 260 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, 3000 RPM, boost +9:
457 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, 3000 RPM, boost +16:
515 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 7400 m, 3000 RPM, boost +9:
597 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 5000 m, 3000 RPM, boost +16:
604 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, 3000 RPM, boost +9:
480 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, 3000 RPM, boost +16:
535 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 6000 m, 3000 RPM, boost +9:
590 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 3500 m, 3000 RPM, boost +16:
596 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
137..144 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
129..135 km/h

Operational Features

• Engine is equipped with the automatic governor of the manifold pressure that works when the throttle is set to 1/3 position or above. It is neccessary to turn the automatic governor off to set the boost value to +16.
• Engine has a single stage mechanical supercharger which does not require manual control.
• Engine is equipped with an automatic fuel mixture control which maintains optimal mixture if mixture lever is set to the backward position. To use automatic mixture leaning to reduce fuel consumption during flight move the mixture lever to forward position.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor that controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• The water radiator is operated manually, while the oil radiator is unadjustable.
• Aircraft has a neutral static stability. The elevator effectiveness is high, so the aircraft should be controlled carefully, not giving too much flight stick input.
• Aircraft becomes unstable with extended landing flaps.
• Aircraft is equipped with elevator and rudder trimmers.
• Landing flaps have a pneumatic actuator so they can be extended to maximum position only. Speed with extended landing flaps is limited to 150 mph.
• Airplane tail wheel rotates freely and does not have a lock. Since the landing gear wheels are relatively close to each other, it is necessary to confidently and accurately operate the rudder pedals during the takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has differential pneumatic wheel brakes with shared control lever. This means that if the brake lever is held and the rudder pedal the opposite wheel brake is gradually released causing the plane to swing to one side or the other.
• Airplane is equipped with a siren that warns a pilot if the throttle is set to low position with landing gear retracted.
• It is impossible to open or close the canopy at high speed due to strong airflow. The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• Airplane is equipped with upper and bottom formation lights which can be turned on simultaneously or independently.
• The gunsight is adjustable: both the target distance and target base can be set.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter.

Optimal Engine Settings

Max Cruising power (unlimited time):
3150 RPM, boost +4.5
Climb power (up to 1 hour):
3700 RPM, boost +7
Combat power (up to 5 minutes):
3700 RPM, boost +9

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
65..125 °C
Water maximum temp output:
130 °C
Oil rated temp intake:
60..90 °C
Oil maximum temp intake:
95 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
217 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
3.3 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
718 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
1155 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
150...170 km/h
Glideslope speed:
170...200 km/h
Landing speed:
150..155 km/h
Landing angle:
11.6 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 10800 m
Climb rate at sea level: 21.0 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 15.1 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 12.1 m/s

Dive speed limit: 870 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: May 1944

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 4354 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 4585 kg
Standard weight: 5221 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 6190 kg
Fuel load: 516 kg / 718 l / 158 gallons
Maximum useful load: 1836 kg

Length: 10.26 m
Wingspan: 12.50 m
Wing surface: 27.81 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 3 h 18 m, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
20.0 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
27.8 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, 3700 RPM, boost +9:
600 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 1950 m, 3700 RPM, boost +9:
664 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 5640 m, 3700 RPM, boost +9:
703 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
150...174 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
128...149 km/h

Operational Features

• The engine is equipped with the two-stage mechanical supercharger which should be manually switched at 9500ft altitude.
• The engine mixture control is automatic when the mixture lever is set to NORMAL (1/2) position. It should be set to START (forward) position when starting the engine and to CUT-OUT position (back) to stop it.
• The engine has an automatic RPM governor that controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• Water and oil temperatures are controlled manually by adjusting the radiator shutters.
• The aircraft has pitch and yaw flight-control trimmers.
• Landing flaps have hydraulic actuators and can be extended to any angle up to 80°. The speed with the extended flaps is limited to 160 mph.
• The airplane tail wheel rotates freely and does not have a lock.
• The pneumatic brakes are differential: moving the pedals with brakes pressed results in releasing the brake opposite to the pressed pedal.
• The landing gear indicator lamp lights up if the throttle is set to low (less than 1/3) position with the landing gear retracted.
• It is impossible to open the canopy at high speeds because of the ram air, but there is an emergency jettison handle for bailing out.
• The aircraft is equipped with bottom formation lights.
• The range-finding gunsight reticle can be adjusted for a given target base and range.

Optimal Engine Settings

Takeoff/Emergency (5 min) :
1750/1840 RPM
Continuous/Nominal (unlimited):
1640/1700 RPM

Optimal Temp Settings

Oil rated temp output:
70..80 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
115 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
90 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
25 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
5 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
126 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
450 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
75..85 km/h
Glideslope speed:
100 km/h
Landing speed:
60..70 km/h
Landing angle:
12°

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 3700 m

Dive speed limit: 240 km/h

Debut

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 748 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10% fuel): 927 kg
Standard weight: 1007 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 1350 kg
Fuel load: 90 kg / 126 l
Useful load: 350 kg

Length: 8.17 m
Wingspan of upper wing: 11.4 m
Wingspan of lower wing: 10.65 m
Wing surface: 33.15 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 500 m: 5 h, at 90 km/h IAS, 1300 RPM.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn:
22..23 s, at 105..115 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Takeoff, 1750 RPM:
151.7 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 500 m, engine mode - Takeoff, 1740 RPM:
150.3 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 1000 m, engine mode - Takeoff, 1730 RPM:
148.9 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
63..70 km/h

Operational Features

• There is no engine supercharger.
• The fuel mixture control is manual: the mixture should be leaned as the altitude increases for optimal engine functioning and to reduce the fuel consumption while flying level.
• The fixed pitch propeller requires controlling the engine RPM manually.
• The tail skid is linked to the rudder (8° maximum tilt).
• There are no wheel brakes.
• There is no electric generator in the default aircraft configuration, so electric lights and Pitot tube warmer (which consumes up to 226W) are fed from 24V battery (10 Ah capacity at 1 A current in standard conditions). To power the RSI-4 radio station, GS-10-350 electric generator is installed along with it.
• Please note that with all possible modifications and full fuel the total aircraft weight is 1390 kg, more than its maximum takeoff weight.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2550/2700 RPM, 1050 mm Hg

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
70..85 °C
Water maximum temp output:
100 °C
Oil rated temp output:
90..100 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
115 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
204 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
2.0 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
408 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
700 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
160..190 km/h
Glideslope speed:
195..205 km/h
Landing speed:
135..145 km/h
Landing angle:
12 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 10600 m
Climb rate at sea level: 17.0 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 15.0 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 9.5 m/s

Dive speed limit: 720 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: April 1943

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 2322 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 2543 kg
Standard weight: 2887 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 3117 kg
Fuel load: 304 kg / 408 l
Useful load: 795 kg

Length: 8.5 m
Wingspan: 10 m
Wing surface: 17.15 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 2.0 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
19.0 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
24.1 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Nominal, 2550 RPM:
530 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Nominal, 2700 RPM:
567 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 4500 m, engine mode - Nominal, 2700 RPM:
600 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
153..169 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
132..145 km/h

Operational Features

• Engine has a two-stage mechanical supercharger which must be manually switched at 2300m altitude.
• Engine mixture control is manual; it is necessary to lean the mixture if altitude is more than 3-4 km for optimal engine operation. Also, leaning the mixture allows a reduction in fuel consumption during flight.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• Water and oil radiator shutters are controlled manually.
• The airplane can only be trimmed in the pitch axis.
• Landing flaps have a pneumatic actuator. Flaps can only be fully extended; gradual extending is impossible. Due to the weak force of the actuator the extended landing flaps may be pressed upwards by the airflow if the airspeed is more than 220 km/h. Remember that the flaps will not extend fully in case of high speed. In case of a high-speed landing approach the flaps may extend a few steps further right before landing.
• Airplane has a tailwheel control system which is unlocked by the rudder if the rudder pedal is pressed more than 75%25 of its range. The tailwheel remains locked if pedals are deflected less than 75%25. Because of this, it is necessary to avoid large rudder pedal inputs when moving at high speed.
• Airplane has differential pneumatic wheel brakes with shared control lever. This means that if the brake lever is held and the rudder pedal the opposite wheel brake is gradually released causing the plane to swing to one side or the other.
• Fuel gauges are installed on left and right wing fuel tanks, outside of the cockpit. They show remaining fuel level only when there is less than 80 liters of fuel left in the tank.
• The canopy has no emergency release. In order to bail out, you must slow below 550 kph to open the canopy.
• The control system for the wing-mounted bomb racks only allows releasing of both bombs together.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2550/2700 RPM, 1050 mm Hg

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
70..85 °C
Water maximum temp output:
100 °C
Oil rated temp output:
90..100 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
115 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
214 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
1.9 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
408 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
665 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
160..190 km/h
Glideslope speed:
195..205 km/h
Landing speed:
135..145 km/h
Landing angle:
12 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 10200 m
Climb rate at sea level: 16.9 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 15.0 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 9.4 m/s

Dive speed limit: 720 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: May 1942

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 2365 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 2583 kg
Standard weight: 2932 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 3170 kg
Fuel load: 304 kg / 408 l
Useful load: 805 kg

Length: 8.5 m
Wingspan: 10 m
Wing surface: 17.15 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 1.9 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
19.2 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
24.6 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Nominal, 2550 RPM:
514 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Nominal, 2700 RPM:
549 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 4000 m, engine mode - Nominal, 2700 RPM:
582 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
155..171 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
133..146 km/h

Operational Features

• Engine has a two-stage mechanical supercharger which must be manually switched at 2300m altitude.
• Engine mixture control is manual; it is necessary to lean the mixture if altitude is more than 3-4 km for optimal engine operation. Also, leaning the mixture allows a reduction in fuel consumption during flight.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• Water and oil radiator shutters are controlled manually.
• Airplane has only the pitch flight-control trimmer.
• Landing flaps have a pneumatic actuator. Flaps can only be fully extended; gradual extending is impossible. Due to the weak force of the actuator the extended landing flaps may be pressed upwards by the airflow if the airspeed is more than 220 km/h. Remember that the flaps will not extend fully in case of high speed. In case of a high-speed landing approach the flaps may extend a few steps further right before landing.
• Airplane has a manual control for the tailwheel lock. The unlocked tailwheel has a 90° turn limit. The tailwheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance and before takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has differential pneumatic wheel brakes with shared control lever. This means that if the brake lever is held and the rudder pedal the opposite wheel brake is gradually released causing the plane to swing to one side or the other.
• Fuel gauges are installed on left and right wing fuel tanks, outside of the cockpit. They show remaining fuel level only when there is less than 80 liters of fuel left in the tank.
• It is impossible to open or close the canopy at high speed due to strong airflow. The canopy has no emergency release, so bail out requires the speed drop before it.
• The control system for the wing-mounted bomb racks only allows releasing of both bombs together.
• When rockets are installed there is a salvo controller, it has three launch modes: single fire, fire two in a salvo or fire four in a salvo.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2600/2700 RPM, 1050 mm Hg

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
70..85 °C
Water maximum temp output:
100 °C
Oil rated temp output:
90..100 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
115 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
221 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
1.9 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
420 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
665 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
170..175 km/h
Glideslope speed:
200 km/h
Landing speed:
145..165 km/h
Landing angle:
11.5°

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 10660 m
Climb rate at sea level: 16.9 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 14.3 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 8.6 m/s

Dive speed limit: 740 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: early 1943

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 2302 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 2630 kg
Standard weight: 3002 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 3229 kg
Fuel load: 305 kg / 420 l
Useful load: 927 kg

Length: 8.5 m
Wingspan: 10 m
Wing surface: 17.15 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 1.9 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
19..20 s, at 310 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
24..25 s, at 310 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Nominal, 2700 RPM:
526 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 2000 m, engine mode - Nominal, 2700 RPM:
565 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 4000 m, engine mode - Nominal, 2700 RPM:
586 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
155..172 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
139..154 km/h

Operational Features

• Engine has a two-stage mechanical supercharger which must be manually switched at 2000 m altitude.
• Engine mixture control is manual; it is necessary to lean the mixture if altitude is more than 3-4 km for optimal engine operation. Also, leaning the mixture allows a reduction in fuel consumption during flight.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• Water and oil radiator shutters are controlled manually.
• Airplane has only the pitch flight-control trimmer.
• Landing flaps have a pneumatic actuator. Flaps can only be fully extended; gradual extending is impossible. Due to the weak force of the actuator the extended landing flaps may be pressed upwards by the airflow if the airspeed is more than 250 km/h. Remember that the flaps will not extend fully in case of high speed. In case of a high-speed landing approach the flaps may extend a few steps further right before landing.
• Airplane has a manual control for the tailwheel lock. The unlocked tailwheel has a 90° turn limit. The tailwheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance and before takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has differential pneumatic wheel brakes with shared control lever. This means that if the brake lever is held and the rudder pedal the opposite wheel brake is gradually released causing the plane to swing to one side or the other.
• Fuel gauges are installed on left and right wing fuel tanks, outside of the cockpit. They show remaining fuel level only when there is less than 130 liters of fuel left in the tank.
• It is impossible to open or close the canopy at high speed due to strong airflow. The canopy has no emergency release, so bail out requires the speed drop before it.
• The control system for the wing-mounted bomb racks only allows releasing of both bombs together.

Optimal Engine Settings

Nominal (unlimited time):
2550/2700 RPM, 1050 mm Hg

Optimal Temp Settings

Water rated temp output:
70..85 °C
Water maximum temp output:
100 °C
Oil rated temp output:
90..100 °C
Oil maximum temp output:
115 °C

Fuel Information

Assumed Cruise Speed :
350 km/hr
Fuel Consumption per Hour:
209 L/hr
Flight Time on Full Tank:
2.1 hr
Max Fuel Capacity:
440 L
Max Range on Full Tank:
735 km

Takeoff & Landing

Takeoff speed:
160..190 km/h
Glideslope speed:
195..205 km/h
Landing speed:
135..145 km/h
Landing angle:
12 °

Cimb & Dive

Service ceiling: 10500 m
Climb rate at sea level: 18.5 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 15.8 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 9.0 m/s

Dive speed limit: 750 km/h

Debut

Combat debut: November 1942

Size & Weight

Empty weight: 2254 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10%25 fuel): 2549 kg
Standard weight: 2841 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 2858 kg
Fuel load: 324 kg / 440 l
Useful load: 604 kg

Length: 8.5 m
Wingspan: 10 m
Wing surface: 17.15 m²

Endurance

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 2.1 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Optimal Turn Time

Maximum performance turn at sea level:
17.5 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m:
22.5 s, at 285 km/h IAS.

Max True Air Speed

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Nominal, 2550 RPM:
537 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Nominal, 2700 RPM:
529 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 1700 m, engine mode - Nominal, 2700 RPM:
563 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 3800 m, engine mode - Nominal, 2700 RPM:
594 km/h

Stall Speed

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration:
152..160 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration:
136..141 km/h

Operational Features

• Engine has a two-stage mechanical supercharger which must be manually switched at 2000...2400m altitude.
• Engine mixture control is manual; it is necessary to lean the mixture if altitude is more than 3-4 km for optimal engine operation. Also, leaning the mixture allows a reduction in fuel consumption during flight.
• Engine RPM has an automatic governor and it is maintained at the required RPM corresponding to the governor control lever position. The governor automatically controls the propeller pitch to maintain the required RPM.
• Water and oil radiator shutters are controlled manually.
• The airplane can only be trimmed in the pitch axis.
• Landing flaps have a pneumatic actuator. Flaps can only be fully extended; gradual extending is impossible. Due to the weak force of the actuator the extended landing flaps may be pressed upwards by the airflow if the airspeed is more than 220 km/h. Remember that the flaps will not extend fully in case of high speed. In case of a high-speed landing approach the flaps may extend a few steps further right before landing.
• Airplane has a manual control for the tailwheel lock. The unlocked tailwheel has a 90° turn limit. The tailwheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance and before takeoff and landing.
• Airplane has differential pneumatic wheel brakes with shared control lever. This means that if the brake lever is held and the rudder pedal the opposite wheel brake is gradually released causing the plane to swing to one side or the other.
• Fuel gauges are installed on left and right wing fuel tanks, outside of the cockpit. Less than 25l of fuel remaining in the wing tanks or the central feeder tank (10 litres capacity) are not measured.
• The canopy has no emergency release. In order to bail out, you must slow below 550 kph to open the canopy.